THE BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL SPIRITUAL ASSEMBLY
OF THE BAHA’IS OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
Office of the Secretary
48 WEST 10th STREET, NEW YORK CITYO true servant of God!
The cycle in which thou hast been called to life is truly the cycle of the Ancient Beauty, and the age, the age of the Most Great Name. Hallowed and sanctified be the Lord that hath graciously favored these poor servants of His to gaze upon such wondrous Light! Ours then to render Him thanks, in the daytime and in the night season, for His manifold blessings; to be self-sacrificing in the Path of Bahá’u’lláh (may my life be offered up as a sacrifice at His threshold!); to strive for the spread of His Word; to endeavor to manifest His Signs, raise His Edifice, set forth His proof, recount His Praise, and be lowly and humble, suppliant and submissive before Him; haply His Grace may aid us to prove our gratitude for His bestowals. Wherefore, unloose thy tongue to deliver the Divine Message and diffuse His fragrance.——’ABDU’L-BAHÁ.
“ENDURING SUCCESS”[edit]
Editorial
The newly elected National Spiritual Assembly has received the following cablegram from the Guardian: “Heartily welcome delegates’ choice. May your exalted ministry be crowned with enduring success.” (Signed) Shoghi, Haifa, May 5, 1927.
Such responsibility is conveyed in that expression of loving hope that the members would be overwhelmed unless they thoroughly realized that enduring success, in this Cause, manifests a general unity in which the spiritual adherence of every believer has equal value and significance. During a period when it has been necessary to readjust the association of the believers to conform to the permanent institutions described in the Guardian’s general letters, the National and also the Local Spiritual Assemblies have doubtless occasionally appeared to function as separate bodies somewhat isolated from the community of the friends. During this period also a further appearance of isolation and separateness has been brought about by the very pressure of administrative detail caused by the need to pass upon many new questions and problems.
The essential fact, however, is that all Bahá’is are continually inter-related and joined by unseen ties far more effective and influential than any bonds which could be devised of a merely social nature. This unity can only occasionally be reflected physically through local and national gatherings; but distance has no power to interrupt the operation of those spiritual laws, we have the unique privilege of attempting to understand and to obey.
No Assembly, committee, group or individual can affect the slightest measure of “enduring success” for the Bahá’i Cause unless their intentions are directed toward promoting the Faith in its universality, and their facilities for service are confirmed by the spirit of unity embracing all other true believers. The Bahá’i Cause does not establish any separate authority: rather it creates institutions which are capable of showing forth those powers which are vested in humanity and only released when humanity, inspired by the Holy Spirit, begins to function as one organism.
The newly elected National Assembly is imbued with but one aim and desire: so to serve that the local Spiritual Assemblies, the various National committees, and the believers one and all, shall be encouraged to put forth nobler and more determined efforts to carry out the universal purposes of the Cause. The believers are one body; nothing save the health, the strength, the understanding and the devoted will of this entire Bahá’i body can achieve anything worthy our divine ideals. Every believer conscious of the meaning of the teachings has an appointment of consecrated service far removed from those transient considerations suggested by “authority” in the usual meaning of the word. Not the appreciation of human beings, but the inner conviction born of true faith should be our mutual goal.
There are, however, certain activities of general importance and particular value at any given time, which deserve our special collective attention and support, such as the matter of inter-racial amity so strongly emphasized in the Guardian’s letter of April 12, 1927. The more we can combine all our efforts and facilities in the promotion of these essential matters, the greater will be the confirmation to each and all.
The law of consultation is our inspiration and protection; it is the cause of our illumination and the source of our well being; it is the unbreakable link between us and the “almighty power of Bahá’u’lláh.” A local or National Assembly differs from other Bahá'i groups and gatherings only because it is established by that law and can, if faithful, give it visible expression in the life of man. We are surrounded by confusion and darkness; we are all in contact with adverse influences and conditions in our personal lives. By responding whole heartedly to the law of consultation we can transmute weakness into strength adversity into reinforcement, confusion into progress, and insignificance into glory.
RUHI AFNAN WILL VISIT AMERICA[edit]
The good news has been received that Ruhi Afnan, grandson of ’Abdu’l-Bahá and cousin of Shoghi Effendi, will arrive in New York on or about June 17. We are informed that his purpose in coming is to attend the sessions of the Green Acre Institute of
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of the Bahá’is of the United States and Canada
48 West 10th Street, New York City Office of the Treasurer 1821 Lincoln Street Evanston, Ill.
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World Unity of be held at Green Acre from August 1 to September 3, and it is announced that he will also be at Green Acre during July.
A committee has been appointed by the National Spiritual Assembly and the Spiritual Assembly of New York to meet him on his arrival and to arrange with him the details of his visit. Until the committee has consulted with Ruhi Afnan, no definite arrangements can be announced.
However, the committee has taken the privilege of arranging a Bahá’i reception for our distinguished guest at St. Marks Hall, St. Marks Church, East 10th Street at Second Avenue, New York City on Saturday, June 18. This will consist a feast in the hall so frequently placed at the disposal of the friends by the rector, William Norman Guthrie.
A special notice of this event has been mailed to nearby Assemblies, extending a cordial welcome to all Bahá’is to attend. The committee will appreciate acceptances in advance, in order that the feast may be suitably arranged. Dinner will be served at 7 P.M.
The believers will also have an opportunity to meet Ruhi Afnan on Saturday, June 25, at the Annual Souvenir of ’Abdu’l-Bahá to be held during the afternoon and evening at Evergreen Cabin, on the estate of Mr. Roy C. Wilhelm at West Englewood. N. J.
None of the friends will overlook the inestimable privilege of receiving this visit from a member of the Holy Family. Since the historic journey of the Master in 1912 many great souls has come to this country, reflecting the Bahá’i spirit, but until now none has been of the sacred lineage.
THE NINETEENTH ANNUAL CONVENTION[edit]
and
LOUIS G. GREGORY
Montreal in the Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada, beautiful in its picturesque settings, bi-lingual in its medium of expression, cordial in its welcome to visitors, was the scene of the Nineteenth Annual Convention of the Bahá’is of the United States and Canada. This, the first annual convention of the Divine Cause held on Canadian soil, attracted many blessings and conformations. The Lady of the Snows whom one might have thought to meet so far North even during the time of Ridván modestly disappeared, giving way to the Genius of Spring with balmy breath and occasional showers. This gladsome season, commemorating the great declaration of Bahá’u’lláh at Baghdad on April 21, 1863, was here observed with the Ridván Feast April 28, 1927.
The Windsor, one of the largest hostleries of the city, entertained the Ridván Feast, all the sessions of the convention, which were nine in number, many of the delegates and the public meeting for teaching following the sessions of the World Unity Conferences. The souvenir program of the feast contained precious jewels of wisdom in the form of extracts from the Bahá’i sacred writings on the true nobility of man. These quotations in turn were the Words of Bahá’u’lláh, ’Abdu’l-Bahá and Shoghi Effendi. They unfolded the wonders of Divine Revelation, the mystical value of man’s creation and the means of attainment, on the part of man, to the highest goal in relation to his Creator and the universe. Mr. Mountfort Mills presided at this feast with his usual genial dignity and grace. Among the speakers were Mesdames May Maxwell, Elizabeth Greenleaf, Keith Ransom-Kehler, Nellie S. French and Dr. Susan I. Moody, Messrs. William H. Randall, Louis Bougeois, Albert R. Vail, Louis G. Gregory, Dr. Zia Bagdadi, George Spendlove and Dr. John Hermann Randall Gems of reality sparkled from the minds and hearts of these and others as various aspects of the teachings or incidents of service were related, “From grave to gay, from lively to severe.” Highly instructive, entertaining, inspiring, abounding in wit and humor as well as deep pathos were these remarks. The voice of hearty welcome and equally hearty response, the need of a broader horizon, the might and permanency of the Greatest Name, the elimination of egoism, strife and discord, the rallying point of the Temple of God known as the Mashriqu’il-Adhkar, the signs of a new social order, the zeal and devotion of the friends of God in East and West, the spiritual refreshment of the Divine Breaths and the tragic needs of a waiting world which involves great responsibility on the part of those who know, were among the ideals conveyed to those who attended.
The moving picture of the Master, ’Abdu'l-Bahá was presented as the climax of the feast. Picturing vividly the scenes of His eventful services in America in 1912, it stirred in minds and hearts deepest emotions of reverence and love and quickened with a clearer understanding of the mysteries of God.
The convention was organized with[Page 3]
the election of Mountfort Mills as
chairman and Louis G. Gregory as
secretary. The Montreal Assembly
has presented the following copy of
a letter from Shoghi Effendi which arrived
after the sessions of the convention,
but has a bearing upon its deliberations
and work in the future.
- “Persian Colony, Haifa.
“The Montreal Spiritual Assembly, c/o Mrs. M. Maxwell.
Dear Spiritual Brothers and Sisters:
Shoghi Effendi wishes me to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated March 18th. He hopes and prays that through your endeavors and the Master’s ever showering blessings you will succeed to make of this first convention held in Canada a true and brilliant success; that the result of the conferences will be to begin a new era in the spiritual life of that land and hoist the flag of peace and brotherhood as never before.
There are some important questions that await immediate settlement and we hope that the deliberations made there will give them a true and final solution. In short the eye of the Bahá’i world is now anxiously following the steps you are taking and the decisions you are to attain.
The members of the Master’s family are all well and join in wishing you the greatest success. Their only hope rests in seeing the friends set aside their petty differences and in one accord and with a firm determination carry the bequeathed to them by their dear Master.
- Yours in His Service,
- (Signed) RUHI AFNAN.”
- Yours in His Service,
(Added in Shoghi Effendi’s handwriting)
“My dear and valued Co-worker:
I fear this letter will reach you after the closing of the convention, but I hope that it will serve to assure you of the necessity of adopting for future conventions the essential methods of a full, frank and unhampered consultation between the National Assembly and the assembled delegates. It is the vital duty of the delegates to unburden their hearts, state their grievances, disclose their views and explain their motives. It is the duty of the National Assembly to give earnest, prompt and prayerful consideration to the views of the delegates, weigh carefully their arguments and ponder their considered judgments, before they resort to voting and undertake to arrive at a decision according to the dictates of their conscience. They should explain their motives and not dictate; seek information and invite discussion.
- Wishing you the fullest success,
Received May 9th, 1927.
The total number of delegates was ninety-one. The shortage from ninety–five was due to no response being received from Miami, Fla.; Montclair, N. J.; Cincinnati, O.; and Pittsburgh, Pa. Thirty-two delegates answered present to roll-call; the others voted by wire, meeting in their respective cities at given points for this service. Legal Organization of the N.S.A.: Mr. Lunt reported for the Legal Committee of which he is secretary. Title to the Temple and other property should be held by the N.S.A. under voluntary trust, the form of legal organization adopted on the Mayflower, which is a voluntary association, or merely a writing out into legal form of the functions of the National Spiritual Assembly, the local spiritual assemblies and the individual believers, under instructions which have been given us by the Guardian and which we have carried in the process of our work.
No body incorporated for religious purposes in the state of Illinois can hold title to more than twenty acres of land. This would take care of our holdings in Chicago, but not of the several hundred acres at Green Acre. The proposal is for the N.S.A., to appoint trustees to hold to its use title to the said properties. An indenture of trust has been prepared by the legal committee and when this indenture is executed and the three trustees appointed, copies will be sent out to the various assemblies.
Mr. Mills reported Shoghi Effendi as believing that it will be good if some of the land on Mount Carmel be held definitely in the name of the N.S.A. of America.
This cable message was received from Shoghi Effendi: “Affectionate remembrance Ridván Festival. Ardently prays America’s national representatives and delegates to 19th convention may by the fervor of their love and the soundness of their deliberation inaugurate cycle of unprecedented achievement.”
Mr. Carl Scheffler, Treasurer, quoted from a letter written by Ruhi Afnan and signed by Shoghi Effendi: “I am anxious to learn of the response of the friends to the plan for unified action since June 30th. I attach extreme importance to it and I wish you to concentrate your efforts on this so as to insure its success. So much that is vital depends upon this plan. We must at all cost make it a success, for its failure would be a reflection upon the Cause and would delay indefinitely the construction of the Temple. Exert every effort along this line and rest assured of my constant prayers for the success of your efforts.” This letter contained the check of Shoghi Effendi for $95.00, his monthly contribution, and stated that everything else should be given secondary importance to the plan for unified action. Shoghi Effendi again writes March 23, 1927, that it is most discouraging that after one year the friends have not been able to contribute the desired sum to the national fund. If this condition should not change the Temple work will be put off and the prestige of the Cause will greatly suffer. He asks that the friends be satisfied with the activities mentioned in the plan for unified action. He also mentions that Green Acre promises to be the educational center for the young Bahá’is. He urges that all believers arise to support the budget plan as they have never done before and assure its triumph. If each of the fifteen hundred believers contributes an average of $9.00 per month the budget would be taken care of. We should normally receive $162,000 in three years in order to carry out what Shoghi Effendi refers to in letters. This would allow us to accumulate $400.000 at the end of three years. This will enable us to accumulate in three years almost as much as has been accumulated during the past seventeen years.
World Unity Conferences: Mrs. Florence R. Morton reported that these conferences have been held in sixteen large eastern cities. All leading scholars of these cities were invited to speak regardless of race, color and creed. Science, education and religion have united in these conferences. In some of them the Bahá’i name and teaching were given directly, but as a rule they are the indirect method of teaching. In a letter to Mr. McDaniel Shoghi Effendi approved the indirect method of teaching the cause, stating that they should try any method which promises success, supervised by the N.S.A. Mrs. Kehler amplified the above report, saying that in the Orient, in teaching, people are first attracted to the Manifestation and afterwards to His teachings. Here they are first attracted to the principles of the cause and then arrive at a knowledge of the Manifestation. She told of a world unity council organized in Chicago and meetings every six weeks and called into being by the series of world unity conferences held in various cities.
Mrs. Mariam Haney, a delegate
from Washington, told in graphic language[Page 4]
of the mighty confirmations and
extraordinary success which attended
preparation for a world unity conference
in Washington wherein teachings
and message were to be given directly
and under Bahá’i auspices, how noted
clergymen opened their churches and
distinguished speakers were willing to
serve. On behalf of the Washington
spiritual she expressed regret
that through some misunderstandings
these plans had been held in abeyance.
Miss Ransom, daughter of Mrs. Kehler, brought greetings from a little group of Bahá’i students at Vassar College. She was gladly received.
National Teaching Program: Committee McDaniel, chairman, Mesdames Greenleaf and Maxwell. The report of Mr. McDaniel was read by Mrs. Maxwell: It recommended that compilation and classification of the teachings be assigned to various believers throughout the country. There were also messages from Shoghi Effendi, in effect, that the believers throughout the country are the fountain head of all teaching activities of every kind whatsoever and that the two methods, direct and indirect, are so closely related that they will function side by side, and that the Confirmations of Bahá’u’lláh are with the direct methods and also with the world unity conference activities.
Mr. Vail reminded us that ’Abdu’l-Bahá had said, Do not say anything to startle or amaze people. Give all the principles at every public gathering, but in a public meeting do not give the station of the Manifestation. These teachings should be given in the methods of the Master Himself and not in ours. If given in ours, we shall attract people only of our temperament. If given in the Master’s method they will be powerful.
Dr. John Herman Randall addressed the convention: My connection with the cause dates back to 1908. Baháism is a new spirit and must extend to all the churches. It is not a new name, not a new organization, but a new spirit to bring us all into the fellowship. It is the letter that killeth, but the spirit that lives. There is a common spiritual unity beneath all religions. We should be converted from the sectarian religions of the past into the eternal religion of today.
The scholar of today is through with the creeds of the day and he feels that the only true religion which can save the world is one that can bring all races and nations together in the spirit of cooperation, fellowship anal love. The religion of unity is growing among the younger generation. “New conditions teach new duties.” We are today in the presence of dangers greater than humanity has ever faced and there is nothing that can save us, but the religion that has found expression in these great Prophets of God. All great religions began aright, but pride, egotism and selfishness have caused them to die. Let us pray that the Spirit of God may take possession of our hearts, as men and women that have reached the Seventh Valley and in their lives have learned the meaning of the utter annihilation of self for the sake of God’s Glory.
Mrs. Elizabeth Greenleaf made a touching plea for tolerance, liberality and breadth of vision in the cause. She recalled three successive messages of ’Abdu’l-Bahá to her over a succession of years: “Be patient!” “Be divinely patient!” “Be magnificently patient!” During twenty-four years ’Abdu’l-Bahá himself was patient with an enemy, whom He at length by His patience won over to the Cause.
Publicity Committee: The report of Mrs. Smyth was read and placed on file.
Mr. Mills said that the friends must get behind Shoghi Effendi and lighten as much as possible the mountains of cares that rests upon his shoulders. Mr. Randall asked a returned American pilgrim, whether he had information as to when Shoghi Effendi would come to America. This pilgrim reported that the answer of Shoghi Effendi to this question was, “When you have learned to obey the National Spiritual Assembly.”
Mr. Scheffler made another strong plea for the plan of unified action, especially on behalf of the Temple. “We are trying with economy to keep down expenses and to overcome the hostility of the neighborhood surrounding the Temple. The foundation in its present form stands as a reproach to the Cause and unless the believers make every sacrifice to raise the needed funds to enable building to begin again the Temple Committee is powerless.”
Mr. Vail: Shoghi Effendi writes: “Will you please impress the believers the vital spiritual obligation of sustaining the budget, as this is the only feasible way of fulfilling the Master’s dearest wish, the gradual building of the Mashriqu’l-Adhkár?”
Dr. Bagdadi: “The Master between 1919 and 1920 often spoke about this Temple. One day at Aqa, pointing at the church he said, ‘Look at this church. For the past 1340 years, this bell has been rung in the name of Christ in this Mohammedan city of Aqa, the most fanatical city against Christianity; but this church defied all their fanaticism. If this church did not exist in Aqa the name of Christ would have been forgotten. See how important are the stones of this church!’ ”
“The first Mashriq’ul Adhkar built was called Koa. He said it was built of the leaves and branches of the palm trees, very small and very insignificant; but because it was the first, today it is the greatest of all throughout the world. Therefore the first Bahá’i Temple in America will have a far-reaching effect because it is the first in the Occident. On another occasion He said, ‘Even one room, if it is built today and is called a temple will have more effect than the greatest temples built in the future. Consider the friends in the East, the Bahá’is in Persia, Turkey, Russia, how nothing could unite them, but the Mashriqu’l-Adhkar. When that was built it became the cause of unity and harmony among the friends and the American Bahá’is will never become united until their Temple is built.’ In Persia there is a temporary temple called a Mashriqu’l-Adhkar. Whenever a traveller arrives he is made welcome. You people want to build one temple. Why do you not build it? It is not permissible to delay longer.”
Election of New N.S.A: Seventy-two persons were placed in nomination. Five ballots were required to complete the election, the balloting for which on motion of Mr. Lunt, was begun on the second day. This resulted, after the new body had met and organized, as follows: Allen B. McDaniel, chairman; Roy C. Wilhelm, vice-chairman; Horace Holley, secretary; Carl Scheffler, treasurer: Mesdames Florence R. Morton, May Maxwell and Amelia Collins, Messrs. Alfred E. Lunt and Louis G. Gregory.
Inter-racial Amity Committee: The Executive Secretary reported the recent amity convention held in Washington which was arranged, as stated on the program, by the National Interracial Committee of the Bahá’is of the United States and Canada, and was very successful. The first amity convention was held in Washington under the instructions of ’Abdu’l-Bahá in May, 1921. It received a might confirmation. Springfield, Mass., New York, Philadelphia and Dayton, O., have since had similar conferences. It is fervently hoped that this spirit, fulfilling the wishes of ’Abdu’l-Bahá, will spread throughout America.
Mrs. Edwina Powell, a recent pilgrim[Page 5]
at Haifa: Shoghi Effendi wishes
us to give unqualified obedience to and
have unswerving faith in the National
Spiritual Assembly, because they are
directed by spiritual forces. Shoghi
Effendi believes the next war will
probably see the dark skinned people
arrayed against those of the white skin.
On the west coast of this country we
have the Japanese problem and in the
South the Mexican and Negro problems.
It is not enough that we share
our halls with different nationalities,
but the hour has come for Bahá’is to
take a different attitude toward this
matter. It is our duty to recognize
social equality as well as spiritual.
We should invite these people into our
homes and associate with people of all
nations of the world, recognizing them
as souls, not as Japanese, Chinese,
Negroes, etc. This, Shoghi Effendi
believes that the Bahá’is of America
have not fully accomplished. If we
do this, then when this world trouble
comes America should so act that it
may be saved to carry on some great
work. The working out of the racial
problem is the most important thing
in this country today. Since visiting
Palestine we have become aware of the
immense spiritual power ready to be
released into the world today and the
Bahá’is are looked at to become the
channels for this Power.
Mrs. M. C. Oglesby, another recent pilgrim at Haifa: We had a wonderful visit with Shoghi Effendi. We are not the same people as before we went away. Shoghi asks, “How many colored believers are in the centers? Why are there not more? Are they not made welcome?”
We are a sensitive people and have been looking for flaws. It is vital that the black man must enter the cause, not for the safety of the colored group, but for the safety of the world. If these two groups join hands the cycle is rounded and everything else will adjust itself. When the white people find that Bahá’is welcome black people to full participation in friendship this fact will attract whites to the cause. The world is looking to see what the Bahá’is in America will do with the black people and we must not talk about it, but practice brotherhood.
Many questions came up, but time after time Shoghi Effendi came back to the color problem and said that this was the vital thing in America. He said that on every committee there should be at least one colored Bahá’i even if the same person had to be used over and over. Study the needs of the cause and then you will understand that the black man is needed in committees to express his viewpoint in order that the chasm may be bridged. Shoghi Effendi said that he hoped that this would be done in this assembly even if there was but one drop of colored blood. Shoghi Effendi told me to force an understanding of the paramount importance of turning to this issue at once and when you do this you are standing upon the strength of his prayers.
Bahá’is have faults and the colored people are looking for them. During our investigation of the cause if we had found Mr. and Mrs. Ober off duty once we should have been lost. They were our white teachers. They have never been off duty. So we became strong enough to turn our eyes from man to God. When our Bahá’i friends can hold up a light that will draw people against their wills, that is the power that will attract the white people to the cause.
A story is told that complaints were made to Mohammad about a certain colored crier; but Mohammad said that he would rather have the colored man with all his defects because he had the love of God in his heart and if people felt that love, the spiritual call would be heard in the soul. The need of the cause in America is the call of the heart and it can never be given save by those who have suffered and who have been trained in the way of sacrifice and humility.
Dr. Bagdadi read his letter from Shoghi Effendi, just received:
“My dear and precious Co-worker; I desire you to redouble your efforts in connection with the promotion of inter-racial amity and understanding. Urge the believers to show more affection, confidence, fellowship and loving kindness to the colored believers. No trace of mistrust, no sense of superiority, no mark of discord and aloofness should characterize the relations of the white and colored believers. They should openly, bravely and sincerely follow the example of our Beloved and banish prejudice from their hearts. May He reinforces and bless your efforts in such an important field of work,”
Dr. Bagdadi continued: In April, 1920, I was in the presence of ’Abdu’l-Bahá, when a letter come from Chicago believer saying that her house had been bombed. He remarked: “I told the Americans that the white and colored people should be united, otherwise there will be bloodshed. Until the past year America did not have enemies. Certain nations are now enemies and will combine with the colored people in America. Americans are heedless of this. The devastation of America will come. The bombing and lynching is the first raindrops of the storm and now it is time for the American people to rise and stem the ride.”
The convention directed by special vote that Mrs. Oglesby’s address and the other instructions on inter-racial amity brought by these friends should be circulated so that all the believers might have a copy.
Start of the West: Mrs. Haney read the report of Mr. McDaniel, business manager. It was accepted. She asks that all who have anything to say should write articles, as in this way the writers are discovered and new ideas are brought to light.
Mashriq’ul-Adhkar: Messrs. Nelson and Scheffler again spoke, the former urging that building be immediately started and the latter that each delegate should return to his assembly and support the Unified Action Plan, in such a way that each believer will find himself contributing not only his share, but double. We should also urge those who have any extravagance to remove it and thus cut expenses in two.
Mr. Bourgeois: I suggest ground be levelled, also quick growing trees be planted. In places that need filling in we may advertise for dirt to be dumped. I am now over seventy and maybe soon incapacitated. Should I not be put to work on plans for the interior decoration? Mrs. White is one of the most enthusiastic workers of the Temple.
MEMBERS OF HOLY HOUSEHOLD: Dr. Susan I. Moody chanted and gave the friends, from her notebook, the names of members of the Holy Household as written out for her by Foodsi, son of Mirza Yahya, Haifa, Palestine, Nov.-Dec., 1924:
Bahaiyih Khanum
Moneereh Khanum
Ziya Khanum
Mirza Hadi Shirazi
Hazad Shoghi Effendi Rabbani
Ruhangise Khanum Rabbani
Hussien Effendi Rabbani
Riyaz Effendi Rabbani
Tooba Khanum
Mirza Mohsen Afnan
Ruhi Effendi Afnan
Soraya Khanum Afnan
Toheib Effendi Afnan
Foad Effendi Afnan
Ruha Khanum
Mirza Jalal
Maryam Khanum Shahid
Monib Effendi Shahid
Zaha Khanum Shahid
Zahra Khanum Shahid
Hassan Effendi Shahid
Monaver Khanum
Ahmed Yazdi
The secretary reads interesting extracts from a letter of Mrs. Florence Schopflocher, India, who had made the first air trip from London to Cairo and from Cairo to India, where she had wonderful contacts with Brahmins and other intellectuals and found great capacity among them for the Bahá’i message and teachings. This letter was given to the editors of the Star for a special article on Mrs. Schopflocher’s travels in the Orient.
World Unity Conferences: Mr. Alfred W. Martin addressed the convention: The work of unifying the world must be done now and it matters little under what word or label it is done. Practice is the best teacher in the steps to be taken in this work. I know not how long the spirit of militarism will drive the nails of war into the hands of humanity. The people of the world want quick results. Christian scientists want health quick; socialists want good government quick; but the higher the ideal the more slowly it will develop. The human race will have to struggle a long time yet, “looking upward, working out the beast” and letting the ape and tiger die; and not only the ape and tiger, but also the fox, the vulture and the peacock. Patience is needed. We also need a new conception of justice based upon what is distinctive in every human type.
Passing of Mrs. Ives: Mr. Lunt announced the passing of Mrs. Kate Ives, for so many years a stalwart and firm servant of the Cause and of her funeral at Green Acre where she resided. Messrs. Randall and Ober also paid tribute to her heroic services during the years. Mrs. French read a prayer for the departed.
Green Acre: Circulars were distributed with plans for the world unity conference, the amity convention, the world unity institute and Bahá’i meetings for teaching to be held at Green Acre this summer. The executive Committee, which laid these plans consisted of Mrs. Morton, Messrs. Holley and Khan.
The Word Assembly: Mr. Mills stated that local assembly and National Spiritual Assemblies were terms that refer to the actual groups of nine and not to the Bahá’i community. He also brought messages from Haifa and told very interesting stories about the complexities and the progress of the cause in the Orient.
Mr. Mills in Haifa: We met every morning after breakfast in the workshop of Shoghi Effendi, on the top of the large house occupied by ’Abdu’l-Bahá during the last years of his life. Usually Shoghi Effendi had already read his mail when I saw him and he would ask one or the other to answer certain letters, which when returned to him were either approved or amended. Here is the center of our planet socially speaking. Papers will be on file concerning worldly matters in this center not heretofore possible.
Shoghi Effendi works mercilessly, regardless of sleep, meals, etc., and it is the constant wish of the family to get him to take reasonable exercise in the open air. He sometimes took walks which were devoted to serious talks and just as in the study, all his walking hours are given to severe mental labor. Again and again he broke down under it. None of us could stand it. The Master has brought him through and he handles problems arising with a sincerity, force and decision that bring joy to everyone, and in his remarkable letters bring results to us here. His executive ability is marvelous. The East and West are curiously united in him. His mind and methods are western and his spirit has that subtle profundity which is the inheritance of the East with all the spiritual thought. His power, energy and decision are one of the most impressive things of all and when a decision is made his unswerving policy is very inspiring and gratifying when you think that he stands in the center of every reactionary influence in the world which he holds in check. He withstands these numerous attacks continually. Gibraltar is a shifting sand compared with the mind of Shoghi Effendi when made up.
He is coordinating the property holdings upon Mt. Carmel to protect the Shrine and surrounding properties. He was gratified at the responses received, which, however, began to embarrass him and finally he asked that no more money be sent. He is engaged with precautions to safeguard the property purchased with these funds. Mr. Mills further explained in detail certain Oriental problems which were followed with intense interest by the friends. The reasons for certain sections of the Will and Testament of ’Abdu’l-Bahá became very apparent. He spoke of the Pilgrim House, the Egyptian situation, the martyrdoms in Jarum and the Baghdad matters with great illumination. He further said. On account of all these on the heart of Shoghi Effendi it is incumbent upon us to see that nothing of unimportance is submitted to him, as he suffers from the strain. It is a privilege to help as much as possible to protect this wonderful center, which keeps us on the Court of Divine Unity.
Plea for Unity: Mrs. Oglesby, before departure, left a message with Mrs. Ober to be delivered to the convention. Shoghi Effendi said our hearts are to lose all lines of demarcation. We should link up with Jews as with the colored people, which is especially necessary in the Holy Land. All these barriers can be overcome by the fire of the love of God. We have the privilege of working with all our hearts for the unity of the world of humanity.
Mrs. Powell, also a recent pilgrim, added: There were 250 Jews on the ship which, carried four pilgrims to Haifa. Mrs. Oglesby spoke to many of these pilgrims with good effect. The Jews are laying a material foundation in Jerusalem and bringing people highly educated and trained. The American Jews are building beautiful homes there. Shoghi Effendi urged Ruhi Effendi, aged 27, to visit Green Acre this summer. He has a western education and is very well acquainted with subjects to be discussed.
Mr. Lunt offered a resolution which was carried, to transfer the title to the Temple property from Bahá’i Temple Unity to three trustees, Messrs. Allen McDaniel, Roy Wilhelm and Carl Scheffler.
Mr. Wilhelm, always thoughtful, suggested that hereafter we discover how many delegates of the colored or other races are to attend the convention and for them arrange accommodations in advance so as to avoid embarrassing situations. Mrs. Ober spoke in high eulogy of the marvelous welcome accorded visiting friends by of Montreal.
Upon the retirement of the chairman
and secretary to attend a meeting
of the N.S.A., Mr. Philip Marangella
was called to the chair and Mrs.
Keith Ransom-Kehler elected secretary
pro tem. Led by the chairman
who has so clear a grasp of reality,
the convention held a most illuminating
consultation about vital matters in
the cause. The teaching campaign in
western New York; what constitutes
capacity in people; the value of indirect
methods in teaching; the possibility
of giving the Bahá’i message
after world unity conferences; such
conferences as leading up to the Bahá’i
message gradually, as suggested in letter[Page 7]
of Shoghi Effendi, and the results
of giving the message before various
clubs were matters discussed until,
upon motion of Mrs. Herrick, the convention
adjourned to meet the N.S.A.
at the home of Mrs. Maxwell.
During the time of the convention World Unity Conferences were held as follows:
- Friday, April 29th, 8 P.M.
- Ritz Carlton Hotel.
- Chairman, Mr. W. S. Maxwell
Address: The Creation of a Peace
- Psychology. Miss Agnes
- McPhail, M. P.
- Psychology. Miss Agnes
Address: The Ideal of World Unity,
- Dr. John Herman Randall.
- Saturday, April 30, 8 P.M.
- McGill University
- Chairman, Mr. Horace Holley
Address: Rev. John Bevan, M. A.
Address: The New Internationalism.
- Mr. Alfred W. Martin.
- Sunday, May 1st, 8 P.M.
- Church of the Messiah
- Chairman, Mr. Mountfort Mills
Address: Finding God in a of
- Science. Professor Kirtley F.
- Mather. Open Forum
- Science. Professor Kirtley F.
Following these conferences a public meeting to convey the Bahá’i message and teachings was held at the Windsor Hotel and attended by about one hundred and twenty-five people, many of whom were inquirers. Addresses were made by Mountfort Mills, Albert Vail and Louis Gregory. The talks appeared to be followed with deep interest and many intelligent inquiries were made on the part of the audience when the meeting was opened to questions. The press conveyed notices that were accurate, intelligent and generous both of the convention itself and the public meetings. Altogether, the experiences of the nineteenth annual convention were such as to make the hearts grateful and to leave in memory a bright spot.
LETTERS FROM SHOGHI EFFENDI[edit]
To the members of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’is of the United States and Canada: Dearly-beloved friends:
Your recent communications, dated February 17 and March 2, 17 and 21, have been received, and their perusal has served to heighten my admiration for the unflinching determination which characterizes the concerted efforts which you are exerting for the spread and consolidation of the Bahá’i Faith.
I have also received and read with the keenest interest and appreciation a copy of that splendid document formulated by the National Committee on inter-racial amity and addressed to all the Spiritual Assemblies throughout the United States and Canada. This moving appeal, so admirable in its conception, so sound and sober in its language, has struck a responsive chord in my heart. Sent forth at a highly opportune moment in the evolution of our sacred Faith, it has served as a potent reminder of these challenging issues which still confront in a peculiar manner the American believers.
As this problem, in the inevitable course of events, grows in acuteness and complexity, and as the number of the faithful from both races multiplies, it will become increasingly evident that the future growth and prestige of the Cause are bound to be influenced to a very considerable degree by the manner in which the adherents of the Bahá’i Faith carry out, first among themselves and in their relations with their fellow-men, those high standards of inter-racial amity so widely proclaimed and so fearlessly exemplified to the American people by our Master ’Abdu’l-Bahá.
I direct my appeal with all the earnestness and urgency that this pressing problem calls for to every conscientious upholder of the universal principles of the Bahá’u’lláh to face this extreme delicate situation with the boldness, the decisiveness and wisdom it demands. I cannot believe that those whose hearts have been touched by the regenerating influence of God’s creative Faith in his day will find it difficult to cleanse their souls from every lingering trace of racial animosity so subversive of the Faith they profess. How can hearts that throb with the love of God fail to respond to all the implications of this supreme injunction of Bahá’u’lláh, the unreserved acceptance of which, under the circumstances now prevailing in America, constitutes the hall-mark of a true Bahá’i character?
Let the believer, desirous to witness the swift and healthy progress of the Cause of God, realizes the two-fold nature of his task. Let him first turn his eyes inwardly and search his own heart and satisfy himself that in his relations with his fellow-believers, irrespective of color and class, he is proving himself increasingly loyal to the spirit of his beloved Faith. Assured and content that he is exerting his utmost in a conscious effort to approach nearer everyday the lofty station to which his gracious Master summons him, let him turn to his second task, and, with befitting confidence and vigor, assail the devastating power of those forces which in his own heart he has already succeeded in subduing. Fully alive to the unfailing efficacy of the power of Bahá’u’lláh, and armed with the essential weapons of wise restraint and inflexible resolve, let him wage a constant fight against the inherited tendencies, the corruptive instincts, the fluctuating fashions, the false pretenses of the society in which he lives and moves.
In their relations amongst themselves as fellow-believers, let them not be content with the mere exchange of cold and empty formalities often connected with the organizing of banquets, receptions, consultative assemblies, and lecture-halis. Let them rather, as equal co-sharers in the spiritual benefits conferred upon them by Bahá’u’lláh, arise and, with the aid and counsel of their local and national representatives, supplement these official functions with those opportunities which only a close and intimate social intercourse can adequately provide. In their homes, in their hours of relaxation and leisure, in the daily contact of business transactions, in the association of their children, whether in their study-classes, their playgrounds, and club-rooms, in short under all possible circumstances, however insignificant they appear, the community of the followers of Bahá’u’lláh should satisfy themselves that in the eyes of the world at large and in the sight of their vigilant Master they are the living witnesses of those truths which He fondly cherished and tirelessly championed to the very end of His days. If we relax in our purpose, if we falter in our faith, if we neglect the varied opportunities given us from time to time by an all-wise and gracious Master, we are not merely failing in what is our most vital and conspicuous obligation, but are thereby insensibly retarding the flow of those quickening energies which can alone ensure the vigorous and speedy development of God’s struggling Faith.
I would particularly address my appeal to you, as the Trustees of God’s sacred Faith, to reaffirm by word and deed the spirit and character of the insistent admonitions of ’Abdu’l-Bahá, so solemnly and so explicitly uttered in the course of His journeys through your land—a trust which it is your privilege and function to preserve and fortify.
May the varied opportunities presented
by the forthcoming assembly of
the friends at Green Acre this
summer—a place so admirably suited to
the realization of such a noble idea—[Page 8]
be fully utilized to further this noble
end. May it, on one hand, serve to
banish once and for all every misgiving
and mistrust as to the attitude that
should characterize the conduct of the
members of the Bahá’i Family, and,
on the other, serve to familiarize the
invited public with that aspect of our
Faith which, owing to the pressure of
circumstances, a few have inclined to
belittle or ignore.
It is my earnest hope and prayer that the forthcoming gathering at Green Acre, the program for which has been so carefully and judiciously prepared, may serve as a testing ground for the application of those ideals and standards that are the distinguishing features of the Revelation of Bahá’u’lláh. May the assembled believers—now, but a tiny nucleus of the Bahá’i Commonwealth of the future—so exemplify that spirit of universal love and fellowship as to evoke in the minds of their associates the vision of that future City of God which the almighty arm of Bahá’u’lláh can alone establish.
Not by merely imitating the excesses and laxity of the extravagant age they live in; not by the idle neglect of the sacred responsibilities it is their privilege to shoulder; not by the silent compromise of the principles dearly cherished by ’Abdu’l-Bahá; not by their fear of unpopularity or their dread of censure can they hope to rouse society from its spiritual lethargy, and serve as a model to a civilization the foundations of which the corrosion of prejudice has well-nigh undermined. By the sublimity of their principles, the warmth of their love, the spotless purity of their character, and the depth of their devoutness and piety, let them demonstrate to their fellow-countrymen the ennobling reality of a power that shall weld a disrupted world.
We can prove ourselves worthy of our Cause only if in our individual conduct and corporate life we sedulously imitate the example of our beloved Master, Whom the terrors of tyranny, the storms of incessant abuse, the oppressiveness of humiliation, never caused to deviate a hair’s breadth from the revealed Law of Bahá’u’lláh.
Such is the path of servitude, such is the way of holiness He chose to tread to the very end of His life. Nothing short of the strictest adherence to His glorious example can safely steer our course amid the pitfalls of this perilous age, and lead us in to fulfil our high destiny.
Haifa, Palestine,
April 12, 1927.
My dear valued co-worker:*
I have emphatically appealed through a recent letter to the American believers to banish from their hearts and minds every trace of racial prejudice— as an essential pre-requisite of an effectual campaign conducted by them on behalf of racial amity. There is much to be accomplished by them as fellow-believers before they face the outside world and claim the attention of their fellow-men, as the exponents of these sublime Teachings of Bahá’u’lláh. I trust they will realize their responsibilities and resolve to wage eternal battle with their natural instincts if they desire to ensure the efficacy of their concerted efforts in this field.
Haifa, May 9, 1927.
- Mr. Allen B. McDaniel.
To the Beloved of the Lord and the Handmaids of the Merciful Throughout the United States and Canada[edit]
Dearly-beloved friends:
With feelings of horror and indignation I communicate to you the tale of yet another tragedy involving the shedding of the blood of a martyr of the Faith on Persia’s sacred soil. I have before me, as I pen these lines, the report of the local Spiritual Assembly of Ardibil, a town on the north-east confines of the province of Adhirbáyján, not far distant from those hallowed spots where the Báb suffered his last confinement and martyrdom. Addressed to the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá’is of Persia, this report recounts in simple but moving language the circumstances that have led to the cowardly crime committed in the darkness of the night at the instigation of the fanatical clergy—the deadliest opponents of the Faith in that town.
Our martyred brother, Aminu’l’Ulama’ by name had for some time past become notorious in the eyes of the Muslim inhabitants of Ardibil for his tenacity of faith by openly refusing at every instance to vilify and renounce his most cherished convictions. In the latter part of Ramadan—the month associated with prayer, pious deeds and fasting—his use of the public bath—that long-established institution the amenities and privileges of which are as a rule accorded only to the adherents of the Muslim Faith— had served to inflame the mob, and to provide a scheming instigator with a pretext to terminate his life. In the market place he was ridiculed an condemned as an apostate of the Faith of Islam, who, by boldly rejecting the repeated entreaties showered upon him to execrate the Bahá’i name, bad lawfully incurred the penalty of immediate death at the hands of every pious upholder of the Muslim tradition.
In spite of the close surveillance exercised by a body of guards stationed around his house, in response to the intercession of his friends with the local authorities, the treacherous criminal found his way into his home, and on the night of the 22nd, of Ramadan, corresponding with the 26th of March, 1927, assailed him in a most atrocious and dastardly manner. Concealing within the folds of his garment his unsheathed dagger, he approached his victim and claiming the need of whispering a confidential message in his ears, plunged the weapon hilt-deep into his vitals, cutting across his ribs and mutilating his body. Every attempt to secure immediate medical assistance seems to have been foiled by malicious devices on the part of the associates of this merciless criminal, and the helpless victim after a few hours of agonizing pain surrendered his soul to his Beloved. His friends and fellow-believers, alarmed at the prospect of a fresh outbreak that would inevitably result were his mortal remains to be accorded the ordinary privileges of a decent burial, decided to inter his body in one of the two rooms that served as his own dwelling, seeking thereby to appease the fury of an unrelenting foe.
He leaves behind in desperate poverty a family of minors with no support but their mother, expectant to bring forth her child, and with no hope of relief from their non-Bahá’i relatives in whose eyes they deserve to be treated only with the meanest contempt.
It appears from the above-mentioned report that the merciless assailant has been arrested, waiting, however, as has been the case with similar incidents in southern Persia, to be sooner or later released under the pressure of bribery and intimidation sedulously exercised by an impenitent enemy.
Dearest friends! Any measure of
publicity the concerted efforts of the
Bahá’i Spiritual Assemblies of the
West, on whom almighty Providence
has conferred the inestimable benefits
of religious toleration and freedom
can accord to this latest manifestation
of unbridled barbarism in Persia will
be most opportune and valuable. It
will, I am certain, confer abiding
solace to those disconsolate sufferers who[Page 9]
with sublime heroism continue to uphold
the traditions of their beloved
Faith. Our one weapon lies in our
prayerful efforts intelligently and persistently
pursued, to arouse by every
means at our disposal the conscience
of unheeding humanity, and to direct
the attention of men of vision and authority
to these incredibly odious acts
which in their ferocity and frequency
cannot but constitute in the eyes of
every fair-minded observer the gravest
challenge to all that sacred and precious
in our present day civilization.
Haifa, Palestine.
April 27, 1927.
GUARDIAN ADVISES ON MATTER OF NOMINATIONS[edit]
The question of how nominations for the office of a member of the National Spiritual Assembly should be made in advance of the election, or whether any form of nominations should be adopted, has been discussed without permanent result at many annual conventions.
The matter is now definitely settled by Shoghi Effendi in a letter dated May 14, 1927, and sent to the Spiritual Assembly of Akron, Ohio. We are informed by the secretary of this Assembly that the Guardian received a copy of their circular letter sent to American Assemblies on March 20 which urged that some system of advance nominations be adopted, and the following words have reference to it: “I feel that reference to personalities before the election would give rise to misunderstanding and differences. What the friends should do is to get thoroughly acquainted with one another, to exchange views, to mix freely and discuss among themselves the requirements and qualifications for such a membership without reference or application, however indirect, to particular individuals. We should refrain from influencing the opinion of others, of canvassing for any particular individual, but should stress the necessity of getting fully acquainted with the qualifications of membership referred to in our Beloved’s Tablets and of learning more about one another through direct, personal experience rather than through the reports and opinions of our friends.”—Your true brother, Shoghi.
It is hoped that this lucid presentation of the matter from the spiritual point of view will remove all misunderstanding in connection with the holding of all Bahá’i elections, local as well as National, and enable us to seek guidance from the spirit rather than depend upon human methods and customs. If we have faith in the divine protection sustaining this Cause, we may be sure that no useful qualities will be long neglected, and that effective service without self-consciousness or ambition will more and more establish the status of those called upon to hold responsible positions in the Cause.
A DAY OF PRAYER AND SUPPLICATION IN BEHALF OF OUR OPPRESSED PERSIAN BROTHERS[edit]
In an effort to give full heed to the Guardian’s appeal to the Spiritual Assemblies of the West sent us in the letter recounting the latest martyrdom in Persia, the National Assembly has taken the step of beseeching friends throughout the United States and Canada to observe Saturday, July 9, the seventy-seventh Anniversary of the Martyrdom of the Báb, as a day of supplication and prayer when relief shall be sought from the divine Power for our brothers and sisters in the land of the Manifestation.
Will each local Spiritual Assembly assist in this endeavor by arranging a meeting for the friends in their locality on that day. May this latest tragic event, yet likewise glorious proof of the faith inspired by Bahá’u’lláh, be the culmination of that series of bloody persecutions during which the friends of God have with such sacrifice written indelibly the record of their love into the life of the world!
The National Assembly has also cabled the sum of fifty pounds sterling to the destitute family of the martyr in the name of the American Bahá’is. The matter of suitable publicity has been placed in the hands of a special committee, whose work will be brought to the attention of the friends at the earliest possible date.
IN MEMORIAM[edit]
On Monday, May 2, the long suffering body of Mrs. Kate Ives was laid to rest in Eliot, Maine, after many years of remarkable service to the Cause of Bahá’u’lláh. A Bahá’i service was read at the home of Mrs. Ives by Mr. William H. Randall of Boston. The news of her departure was received by the delegates at Montreal, who reverently heard tributes to Mrs. Ives by Mr. Randall, Mr. Harlan Ober and Mr. Alfred E. Lunt.
The friends of Newark and vicinity on May 11 gathered at the home of Mrs. Frank Moxey in South Orange, for the Bahá’i services held for our devoted brother and faithful servant. Mr. Frank Moxey, Bahá’i prayers and Tablets were read by Mr. Hooper Harris and Mr. Mountfort Mills.
The services of such Bahá’i souls as Mrs. Ives and Mr. Moxey deserve and require detailed mention for the permanent records of the Cause. The National Assembly desires to assist in the publication a Bahá’i Necrology which can perpetuate these infinitely precious lives of illumination and service, and hopes that those best qualified will send in written accounts which may some day be suitably published for general distribution. The record of all believers who have passed on is sought.
The following reference to Bahá’i funeral services is reprinted from a letter written to the Spiritual Assembly of Kenosha by Ruhi Afnan a few months ago: “If you permit me, I wish to remind the friends that the fortieth day after death has no special significance. If the Master’s Memorial Service was held on the fortieth day it was merely to conform to a local custom prevalent among Muhammadans. There is no reason why it should be adopt as a general rule to be followed by the friends. Several such cases have already come to but attention, of celebrations held on the fortieth day, and we fear that gradually it will become an established custom.”
SIEGFRIED SCHOPFLOCHER SERVING PLAN OF UNIFIED ACTION[edit]
The members of the National Assembly consider it a great privilege to announce that Mr. Siegfried Schopflocher will this year travel among the American Bahá’i communities and on behalf of the Assembly bring the most important message concerning the Plan of Unified Action.
Our brother deeply appreciates the urgency of the appeal which on several occasions the Guardian has addressed to the American Bahá’ís is for the full support of this Plan, and the Assembly hopes that it will be possible for every local Spiritual Assembly and Bahá’i group to arrange special meetings where Mr. Schopflocher can speak to the believers.
His recent contact with Bahá’is of
many foreign lands, his remarkable executive
talent, his close association
with the National Bahá’i administration,
and above all his full-hearted devotion
to the wishes and instructions
of Shoghi Effendi, combine to endow[Page 10]
Mr. Schopflocher’s journey (taken at
his own expense) with exceptional facilities
for Bahá’i service.
Letters and reports already received prove that his talks on the subject of the Plan of Unified Action, have been gratefully received, and have produced splendid results, in the Bahá’i communities of New York, West Englewood, Philadelphia, Washington, D. C., Chicago, Urbana, Wilmette, Evanston, Cleveland, Buffalo and Geneva. During the course of the year Mr. Schopflocher will travel to the Pacific Coast, and notify each local secretary of his itinerary. Voluntary action of this character, taken after consultation and grateful approval of the National Assembly, shows Bahá’i loyalty at its best.
QUESTIONS REFERRED TO THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY[edit]
The correspondence of the National Assembly, and the personal experience of some of its members, shows the need to take up certain matters with a view to answering questions raised here and there among the friends.
Regarding the notes taken by pilgrims at Haifa. The Guardian has stated that he is unwilling to sign the notes of nay pilgrim, in order that the literature consulted by the believers shall not be unduly extended by material dealing usually with local conditions or secondary phases of Bahá’i administration. This means that the notes of pilgrims do not carry the authority resident in the Guardian’s letters sent over his own signature. On the other hand, each pilgrim brings back information and suggestions of a most precious character, and it is the privilege of all the friends to share in the spiritual results of these visits.
In answer to an inquiry sent to the Guardian over a year ago, the instruction was received through one of his secretaries that membership in a local Bahá’i community is conditional upon actual residence. Following this specific statement, the National Assembly incorporated the decision in the recently published By–Laws. The full text of the By–Laws has been sent to the Guardian, who will doubtless send any fresh instructions or explanations that may be required. Until definite word on this subject is received from Shoghi Effendi, the National Assembly feels unwilling to take any further action in the matter and trusts that the friends will not permit this or any other detail to cause unhappiness or confusion.
The By-Laws also follow the specific instructions of the Guardian, given us in his general letters on several occasions, that local Spiritual Assemblies are to be elected where the number of believers exceeds nine. Obviously, an election cannot be held if each person is obliged to vote for himself, as this removes the possibility of choice. However, we are informed that one of the friends has received a letter from the Guardian stating that where there are exactly nine believers, neither more, not less, these may constitute themselves a local Spiritual Assembly; a provision which does not oppose but supplements the original provision. This matter also has been referred to the Guardian for a full explanation. While questions of voting membership are dependent upon definite regulations in the realm of administration, spiritual association can be continued uninterruptedly and calmly in cases involving the above two situations pending final solution from Haifa.
The Temple building fund. The Plan of Unified Action published in January, 1926, establishes a Temple building fund to be supplied from donations received over and above those amounts required for current Bahá’i activities in other fields, according to a budget formulated with respect to the needs of the activities as a whole and printed in the text of the Plan. The Temple building fund represents our collective obligation to raise $400,000 before, according to the Guardian’s cablegram receive shortly after the Convention held at Green Acre in 1925, building operations can be resumed. Since experience proves that the normal impulse of the friends is sufficient to maintain the current activities, but is not yet powerful enough to supply the surplus required to make up the $400,000, the National Assembly can meanwhile only express its devotion to the success of the Temple building fund by voting as much as possible into that fund from the amount on hand as reported monthly by the treasurer. The National Assembly informs the friends that it has recorded its intention to do this in the minutes of the meeting held in New York on June 4, 5 and 6, and will spare no effort to increase the Temple building fund in such a manner throughout the year. This action means that strict economy will be observed in voting appropriations for other branches of the work, but does not of course, affect the original principle of the Plan of Unified Action that surpluses over and above the stated minimum needed for current work automatically, without any vote, go into the Temple building fund. On the other hand, the economy and wisdom, while leading to that confidence on which sacrifice is based, cannot of themselves remedy difficulties caused by lack of sufficient contributions.
A new magazine, “World Unity.” This magazine represents an effort on the part of some believers, in cooperation with many others who are not believers, to create a monthly periodical capable of reflecting the ideal of world unity throughout the general public. It is not, from the administrative point of view, a Bahá’i activity. It does not seek to represent the Bahá’i Cause nor does it involve any responsibility upon the National Fund. The individual believer is free to subscribe to it, or to write for it, just as he is free to do so in the case of any public magazine, but no believer has any spiritual or material obligation in the matter beyond his own voluntary decision and personal interest. The magazine is published by a business corporation incorporated in the State of New York. Its aim is to assist in promoting those general principles and ideals of unity which are capable of creating a more favorable environment for the spread of the great Message. The Bahá’i Magazine, Star of the West, is the sole Bahá’i magazine published in the United States and Canada under the supervision of the National Spiritual Assembly and at the expense (when necessary) of the National Fund. The Star of the West received the blessing of ’Abdu’l-Bahá and His assurance of unique success. The power of the Master’s assurance, and the effect of the Guardian’s loving cooperation, can never be altered nor annulled. The privilege and duty of the friends is to subscribe to the Star, promote its circulation, contribute to its pages, and hold it in the highest esteem as the pure mirror of the creative Word. There are many thousands of people now outside the Cause who are imbued with some vision of world unity and seeking some medium promoting that vision in a way which corresponds to their present understanding and development. To reach such people, and serve them, is the purpose of the magazine “World Unity,” and such a purpose deserves at least the sympathetic understanding and best wishes of all who call themselves Bahá’is.
THE SPIRIT AND FORM OF BAHA'I ADMINISTRATION[edit]
With this vision clearly set before us, and fortified by the knowledge of the gracious aid of Bahá’u’lláh and the repeated assurances of Abdu’l-Bahá, let us first strive to live the life and then arise with one heart, one mind, one voice, to reinforce our numbers and achieve our end. Let us recall, and seek on this sad occasion the comfort of, the last wishes of our departed yet ever-watchful Master:—
“It behooveth them not to rest for a moment, neither to seek repose. They must disperse themselves in every land, pass by every dime, and travel throughout all regions. Bestirred, without rest, and steadfast to the end, they must raise in every land the triumphal cry ‘Ya Bahá’í’l–Abha! (O Thou the Glory of Glories). . . . The disciples of Christ forgot themselves and all earthly things, forsook all their cares and belonging, purged themselves of self and passion, and with absolute detachment scattered far and wide and engaged in calling the peoples of the world to the divine guidance; till at last they made the world another world, illumined the surface of the earth, and even to their last hour proved self-sacrificing in the pathway of that beloved One of God. Finally in various lands they suffered glorious martyrdom. Let them that are men of action follow in their footsteps!”
Having grasped the significance of these words, having obtained a clear understanding of the true character of our mission, the methods to adopt, the course to pursue, and having attained sufficiently the individual regeneration— the essential requisite of teaching—let us arise, to teach His Cause with righteousness, conviction, understanding and vigor. Let this be the paramount and most urgent duty of every Bahá’i. Let us make it the dominating passion of our life. Let us scatter to the uttermost corners of the earth; sacrifice our personal interests, comforts, tastes and pleasures; mingle with the divers kindreds and peoples of the world; familiarize ourselves with their manners, traditions, thoughts and customs; arouse, stimulate and maintain universal interest in the Movement, and at the same time endeavor by all the means in our power, by all the means in our power, by concentrated and persistent attention, to enlist the unreserved allegiance and the active support of the more hopeful and receptive among our hearers. Let us too bear in mind the example which our beloved Master has clearly set before us. Wise and tactful in His approach, wakeful and attentive in His early intercourse, broad and liberal in all His public utterances, cautious and gradual in the unfolding of the essential verities of the Cause, passionate in His appeal yet sober in argument, confident in tone, unswerving in conviction, dignified in His manners—such were the distinguishing features of our Beloved’s noble presentation of the Cause of Bahá’u’lláh—November 24, 1924.
It would be impossible at this stage to ignore the indispensability or to overestimate the unique significance of the institution of the National Spiritual Assembly—the pivot round which revolve the activities of the believers throughout the American continent. Supreme is their position, grave their responsibilities, manifold and arduous their duties. How great the privilege, how delicate the task of the assembled delegates whose function it is to elect such national representatives as would by their record of service ennoble and enrich the annals of the Cause! If we but turn our gaze to the high qualifications of the members of Bahá’i Assemblies, as enumerated in Abdu’l-Bahá’s Tablets, we are filled with feelings of unworthiness and dismay, and would feel truly disheartened, but for the comforting thought that if we rise to play nobly our part every deficiency in our lives will be more than compensated by the all-conquering spirit of His grace and power. Hence it is incumbent upon the chosen delegates to consider without the least trace of passion and prejudice, and irrespective of any material consideration, the names of only those who can best combine the necessary qualities of unquestioned loyalty, of selfless devotion, of a well-trained mind, of recognized ability and mature experience. May the incoming National Spiritual Assembly—the privileged and chosen servants of the Cause—immortalize their term of stewardship by deeds of loving service, deeds that will redound to the honor, the glory and the power of the Most Great Name.
I would also earnestly entreat all the delegates at this coming Convention, and through them I appeal to the larger body of believers whom they represent, to ever bear in mind the supreme injunction Abdu’l-Bahá, to teach unceasingly until the “head cornerstone of the foundation” of the Cause of God is firmly established in every heart. Let those whose time, resources and means allow, travel throughout the length and breadth of that vast continent, let them scatter to the most distant regions of the earth and, fired with enthusiasm and detachment, hand on the torch of God’s undying flame to the waiting multitudes of a sadly-stricken-world.—June 3, 1925.
Hitherto the National Convention
has been primarily called together for
the consideration of the various circumstances
attending the election of the
National Spiritual Assembly. I feel,
however, that in view of the expansion
and the growing importance of the administrative
sphere of the Cause, the
general sentiments and tendencies
prevailing among the friends, and the
signs of increasing interdependence
among the National Spiritual Assemblies
throughout the world, the assembled
accredited representatives of the
American believers should exercise not
only the vital and responsible right of
electing the National Assembly, but
should also fulfill the functions of an
enlightened, consultative and cooperative
body that will enrich the experience,
enhance the prestige, support the
authority, and assist the deliberations
of the National Spiritual Assembly. It
is my firm conviction that it is the
bounden duty, in the interest of the
Cause we all love and serve, of the
members of the incoming National Assembly,
once elected by the delegates
at Convention time, to seek and have
the utmost regard, individually as well
as collectively, for the advice, the considered
opinion and the true sentiments
of the assembled delegates. Banishing
every prestige of secrecy, of undue
reticence, of dictatorial aloofness from
their midst; they should radiantly and
abundantly unfold to the eyes of the
delegates, by whom they are elected,
their plans, their hopes, and their cares.
They should familiarize the delegates
with the various matters that will have
to be considered in the current year,
and calmly and conscientiously study
and weigh the opinions and judgments
of the delegates. The newly elected
National Assembly, during the few
days when the Convention is in session
and after the dispersal of the
delegates, should seek ways and means
to cultivate understanding, facilitate
and maintain the exchange of views,
deepen confidence, and vindicate by
every tangible evidence their one desire
to serve and advance the common
weal. Not infrequently, nay oftentimes,[Page 12]
the most and lowly, untutored and
inexperienced among the friends will,
by the sheer inspiring force of selfless
and ardent devotion, contribute a distinct
and memorable share to a highly
involved discussion in any given Assembly.
Great must be the regard paid
by those whom the delegates call upon
to serve in high position to this all–important
though inconspicuous manifestation
of the revealing power of sincere
and earnest devotion.
The National Spiritual Assembly, however, in view of the unavoidable limitations imposed upon the convening of frequent and long-standing sessions of the Convention, will have to retain in its hands the final decision on all matters that affect the interests of the Cause in America, such as the right to decide whether any local Assembly is functioning in accordance with the principles laid down for the conduct and the advancement of the Cause. It is my earnest prayer that they will utilize their highly responsible position, not only for the wise and efficient conduct of the affairs of the Cause, but also for the extension and deepening of the spirit of cordiality and whole-hearted and mutual support in their cooperation with the body of their co-workers throughout the land. The seating of delegates to the Convention, i.e., the right to decide upon the validity of the credentials of the delegates at a given Convention is vested in the out-going National Assembly, and the right to decide who has the voting privilege is also ultimately placed in the hands of the National Spiritual Assembly, either when a local Spiritual Assembly is for the first time being formed in a given locality, or when differences arose between a new applicant and an already established local Assembly. While the Convention is in session and the accredited delegates have already elected from among the believers throughout the country the members of the National Spiritual Assembly for the current year, it is of infinite value and a supreme necessity that as far as possible all matters requiring immediate decision should be fully and publicly considered, and an endeavor be made to obtain after mature deliberation, unanimity in vital decisions. Indeed, it has ever been the cherished desire of our Master, Abdu’l-Bahá, that the friends in their councils, local as well as national, should by their candor, their honesty of purpose, their singleness of mind, and the thoroughness of their discussions, achieve unanimity in all things. Should this in certain cases prove impracticable the verdict of the majority should prevail, to which decision the minority must under all circumstances, gladly, spontaneously and continually, submit.
Nothing short of the all–encompassing, all-pervading power of His Guidance and Love can enable this newly-enfolded order to gather strength and flourish amid the storm and stress of a turbulent age, and in the fulness of time vindicate its high claim to be universally recognized as the one Haven of abiding felicity and peace.— January 29, 1925.
Regarding the very delicate and complex question of ascertaining the qualifications of a true believer. I cannot in this connection emphasize too strongly the supreme necessity for the exercise of the utmost discretion, caution and tact, whether it be in deciding for ourselves as to who may be regarded a true believer or in disclosing to the outside world such considerations as may serve as a basis for such a decision. I would only venture to state very briefly and as adequately as present circumstances permit the principal factors that must be taken into consideration before deciding whether a person may be regarded a true believer or not. Full recognition of the station of the Forerunner, the Author, and the True Exemplar of the Bahá’i Cause, as set forth in Abdu’l-Bahá’s Testament; unreserved acceptance of, and submission to, whatsoever has been revealed by their Pen; loyal and steadfast adherence to every clause of our Beloved’s sacred Will; and close association with the spirit as well as the form of the present day Bahá’i administration throughout the world—these, I conceive, to be the fundamental and primary considerations that must be fairly, discreetly and thoughtfully ascertained before reaching such a vital decision. Any attempt at further analysis and education will. I fear, land us in barren discussions and even grave controversies that would prove not only futile but even detrimental to the best interests of a growing Cause. I would therefore strongly urge those who are called upon to make such a decision to approach this highly involved and ever-recurring problem with the spirit of humble prayer, and earnest consultation, and to refrain from drawing rigidly the line of demarcation except on such occasions when the interests of the Cause absolutely demand it.
In connection with the annual holding of the Bahá’i Convention and Congress, I feel that although such a representative body need not be convened necessarily every year, yet it is highly desirable, in view of the unique functions, it fulfills in promoting harmony and good-will, in removing misunderstandings and in enhancing the prestige of the Cause, that the National Spiritual Assembly should exert itself to gather together annually the elected representatives of the American believers. It would in some ways be obviously convenient and eminently desirable though not absolutely essential, if the National Spiritual Assembly could arrange that the holding of such a Congress should synchronize with the time at which the national elections are renewed, and that both events should take place, if not on the first of Ridván, at least during the twelve joyous days of what may be justly regarded as the foremost Bahá’i Festival. Apart from the local elections, which universally are to be renewed on the 21st day of April, it is entirely left to the discretion of the National Spiritual Assembly to decide, after having given due consideration to the above mentioned observations, on whatever time and place the Bahá’i Convention as well as the annual elections are to be held. Were the National Spiritual Assembly to decide, after mature deliberation to omit the holding of the Bahá’i Convention and Congress in a given year, then they could, only in such a case, devise ways and means to insure that the annual election of the National Spiritual Assembly should be held by mail, provided it can be conducted with sufficient thoroughness, efficiency and dispatch. It would also appear to me unobjectionable to enable and even to require in the last resort such delegates as cannot possibly undertake the journey to the seat of the Bahá’i Convention to send their votes, for the election of the National Spiritual Assembly only, by mail to the National Secretary, as in my view the advantages of such a procedure outweigh the considerations referred to in your letter. It should, however, be made clear to every elected delegate—who should be continually reminded—that it is a sacred responsibility and admittedly preferable to attend if possible in person the sessions of the Convention, to take an active part in all its proceedings, and to acquaint his fellow-workers on his return with the accomplishments, the decisions and the aspirations of the assembled representatives of the American believers.—October 24, 1925.
