Bahá’í World/Volume 33/The Year in Review

The Bahá’í World
Volume 33

The Year in Review

ince the implementation of the Five Year Plan in April 2001,

the Bahé’i’ International Community has been engaged in a

process of systematic expansion and consolidation. This year has seen a steady increase in the activities of the Bahé’i’ community around the globe. Aimed at fostering spiritual development as well as building the capacity of individuals and local communities, the “core activities,” comprising study Circles, devotional meetings, and children’s classes, are being carried out With increasing skill and en— thusiasm. Bahé’i’ communities worldwide have been transformed by the galvanizing effect of these activities. The momentum generated by their endeavors can be seen in their involvement in such diverse areas as racial unity, social and economic development, education, gender equality, and interfaith dialogue. While this article cannot possibly encompass the breadth and number these activities, it does provide a brief survey of the various events and achievements of Bahé’i’s in the past year.

Advancement of women

“As long as women are prevented from attaining their highest pos- sibilities, so long will men be unable to achieve the greatness which

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might be theirs,” stated ‘Abdu’l—Baha in an address He gave in 1911 in Paris, France.1 Bahé’fs believe that equality between the sexes, one of the fundamental principles of the Baha’i Faith, is a prerequisite of world peace and that women must be given equal opportunities in all fields of human endeavor in order for humanity to reach its full potential. Activities undertaken around the globe demonstrate the Baha’i community’s commitment to this ideal.

This year, Baha’i communities throughout Canada celebrat— ed International Women’s Day in a variety of ways. The Baha’i Women’s Committee of Gatineau, Quebec, organized an event to celebrate International Women’s Day and the 10th anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing. Joining the event was SOPAR (the Society for Partnership), a nongovernmental women’s organization in India. Its founder, Angele Gingras, was the honored guest and gave a presentation on the organization. The program included an international dinner with dishes from several countries and a presentation on the Beijing Platform for Action by Mireille Hutchison, one of the Baha’i representatives at the Beijing conference.

A similar event was held in Burnaby, British Columbia. Following her trip to New York to attend the United Nations Commission on the Status of Women, Elizabeth Wright, Director of the Office for the Advancement OFWomen for the Canadian Baha’i Community, gave the keynote address at a commemoration of International Women’s Day. She addressed an audience of several hundred, not- ing that 2005 represents “a crossroads for women in the movement for gender equality and the advancement of women.” It marks the ten—year review of the outcome of the Beijing Conference and the review of its Platform for Action, a document adopted by consensus by 189 member states of the United Nations in 1995.2

Active participation of men and boys in promoting equality of the sexes was the theme at this year’s International Women’s Week Panel in Cochrane, Alberta. Following the title of the event, “Achiev— ing Greatness Together: The Role of Men and Boys in Advancing Gender Equality,” the panelists presented a variety of perspectives on the topic, offering practical ideas for ways to advance equality between the sexes.3 The panelists included Dr. Garry Jones, an el— ementary English language arts specialist for the Calgary Board of

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Education, who is involved with the Males in Education Inquiry Group, and Claire Young, a community resource worker with Family and Community Support Services in Cochrane, who has received an award for her work around family Violence.

The International Day for the Elimination OfViolence Against Women (IDEVAW), also known as White Ribbon Day, was marked in Canberra, Australia, on 25 November 2004 by an event co—hosted by the Australian Baha’i Community, Amnesty International Aus— tralia, the National Council of Churches, UNIFEM, and the YWCA. One hundred people attended the function, held in the ACT Leg— islative Assembly building. Attendees included Ngunnawal elders, members of government, and heads of human rights and women’s organizations. MLA Mick Gentleman, representing the ACT Chief Minister, gave a thoughtful speech about the role that men can play in Changing a culture of violence against women. “If this situation is to change, men need to be part of the solution,” he observed. “Men must commit to full equality for women . . . we as men need to stand up and say to other men that violence against women is absolutely unacceptable.” Other speakers included Commander Steve Lancaster, representing the Australian Federal Police, and Federal Sex Discrimination Commissioner Pru Goward. Soul 2 Soul, the Baha’i community’s youth dance group, ended the program with a powerful performance on domestic Violence.

The Baha’i Office for Advancement ofWomen and the All India Women’s Conference (AIWC) co—hosted a seminar in the auditorium 0f the information center of the Baha’i House OFWorship in India on 12 January 2005. The seminar was attended by more than 200 participants from a number of schools, colleges, and NGOS around New Delhi. The seminar was opened with a welcome address by Mrs. Patricia Vahedi, Secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly, followed by the keynote speaker Mrs. Aparna Basu, President of the AIWC. Following the talk there were workshops that included art and drama 0n the theme of gender equality, and youth were encouraged to discuss perspectives on gender equality from their own experiences.

In Zimbabwe, a seminar was held at the Women’s University in Africa (WUA) in August, which was co—organized by the WUA and the Baha’i community. The discussions revolved around contemporary

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issues in education, such as quality ofeducation, educational reform, and gender issues. The 47 participants included the Head of Forum ofAfrican Women Educationists, lecturers from three universities in Harare, and officials from the Ministry of Education.

In Acuto, Italy, the Vision Association held its first International European Conference, titled “Building Tomorrow Today.” Founded in Florence, Italy, in 2003, Vision is a nonprofit Baha’f—inspired organization. Its goal is to facilitate the development of women’s spiritual, moral, and intellectual capacities and capabilities so that they can become agents of social Change. The conference, held from 14 to 17 October 2004, included sessions on topics such as consulta- tion and moral education. Participants examined women’s role in social transformation, with workshops on life balance, spirituality in business, and public relations.

On 2 October 2004, the I35th anniversary of the birth of Ma- hatma Ghandi, the Barli Development Institute for Rural Women in India opened a new branch of its training center in the Village of Padria Kachhi in the district of Bhopal. The Institute currently holds siX—month and year—long residential courses for Close to 200 women each year. The courses offered at the new branch will be non—residential and three months in duration. The subjects taught will be health and hygiene, personal development, and cutting and tailoring. “The purpose of opening this center is to reach the rural women who are unable to leave their homes for long periods of time to take training at the Institute in Indore,” explained Mrs. Janak Palta MCGilligan, the Director of the Institute. The inauguration program started with an invocation in Sanskrit for peace and harmony, fol— lowed by devotional recitations by the newly enrolled trainees. The objective of this training Institute is to help women recognize their potential and increase their self-confidence, so that through their own personal development they will be better able to contribute to the development of their families and society.4

In addition to grassroots efforts, Baha’is are also involved in or— ganizations that inﬂuence ideas and policy on a national level. Three Baha’i women serve on the national executive committee of UNIFEM Ireland, which recently hosted a celebration of UNIFEM’S 10th anni- versary in Ireland. Talks were given by Mahin Sefidvash, aid worker Stephanie Frame, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs.

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A class 0ftmz'nees at t/ae Barlz' Development Institutefbr Rum! Women in Indore, India.

A legal center that has done much over the years to contribute to human rights for women recently won a high—profile case. The Tahirih Justice Center in the United States offers legal, medical, and social services to immigrant and refugee women. For over two years the Tahirih Justice Center has been litigating a case against a Maryland—based international marriage broker on behalf of a Ukrainian woman who was paired with an abusive man and was misled by the company regarding her legal rights. The Victory marks the first time in the United States that an international marriage broker has been held liable for negligent conduct.5

A newly published handbook demonstrates the leading role played by the Bahé’l’ community of the United States in advocating the ratification by the US government of an important international treaty on women’s rights. The handbook, which outlines the im— portance of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), was co—authored by Leila Rassekh Milani, a spokesperson for women’s issues for the National Spiritual Assem— bly of the Bahé’l's of the United States. A coalition of some 190 US NGOS recently launched the book at the US Senate.

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For more than a decade, a representative of the US National Spiritual Assembly has co—chaired the coalition, which is known as the Working Group on Ratification of CEDAW. The Convention is an international “Bill of Rights” for women that addresses the politi— cal, cultural, economic, and social dimensions of human rights for women around the world. The United States was active in drafting the Convention and was one of the first nations to sign it. However, it is also the only industrialized nation that has failed to ratify the treaty, lacking the necessary votes in the US Senate. The handbook, CEDAW: Rights t/mt Benefit the Entire Community, was launched in a Senate hearing room under the sponsorship of Senator Joseph Biden, a member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. More than 100 attended, including representatives of the UN, NGOS, and Con— gressional staff. “This handbook is an important educational tool to gain the 67 votes needed for Senate ratification,” commented a spokesman for Senator Barbara Boxer.

Working with Ms. Milani on the book were Sarah Albert of the General Federation of Women’s Clubs and Karina Purushotma of the US National Spiritual Assembly’s office in Washington. The book is a revised and expanded edition of Human Rl'gktsfor A11, an advocacy book compiled and edited by Ms. Milani in 2001. The second edition of the book focuses on the international impact of the treaty and documents how the treaty has been used by activists, lawyers, government agencies, and nongovernmental organizations to address trafficking in women, HIV/AIDS, terrorism, national security, and other key issues of global concern.

Race unity

As a worldwide community, with individuals from more than 2,100 ethnic and tribal groups who reside in more than 230 countries and territories, the Baha’i Faith is among the more diverse bodies of people on earth. This diversity extends to the local and national levels, as Baha’i communities comprise people from a wide variety of backgrounds, ages, professions, and educational levels. However, far from being a source of conﬂict or contention, Baha’is believe that such diversity is a cause of unity. ‘Abdu’l-Baha explains, “The diversity in the human family should be the cause of love and har—

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mony, as it is in music where many different notes blend together in the making of a perfect chord.”6

Since its inception 22 years ago, Nur University has been a leader in supporting Bolivia’s under—served communities. The first private university in the country, it continues to successfully pioneer higher education as a catalyst for social and economic development in Latin America. Recently the Confederation of Bolivia’s Indigenous People (CIDOB) awarded Nur University its highest honor, the Sombra Grande, in celebration of CIDOB’s 22nd anniversary. The award was made to Nur for its many years of educational support to indigenous youth and for its promotion of social justice in the country, where indigenous peoples comprise 62 percent of the population, most of whom live in conditions of “extreme poverty” as defined by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

The Hedi Moani Memorial Secondary School Speech Awards took place in association with Race Relations Day in Auckland, New Zealand. Six finalists delivered speeches on race relations on 27 March 2004, and the three winning speeches were broadcast on Ra— dio New Zealand. Attracting entrants from throughout the country, the competition is held in memory of Hedi Moani, an Iranian Bahé’i' architect who spent the last 16 years of his life in New Zealand. He was actively involved with the Maori community.

A forum held by the Bahé’i’ community in the Republic of Ireland attracted significant interest from the media. “Intercultural Families, the Opportunities and the Challenges” was held at the newly refurbished Bahé’i’ center in Dublin on 23 October 2004. The event included presentations by guest speakers Kim and Da- vid Douglas, authors of Marriage Beyond Black and White. Fifteen nationalities were represented among the people at the event, many of whom were part of intercultural relationships. Media coverage included two radio interviews and a full—page article in Ireland’s only multicultural newspaper. The event also received praise from the Minister for Social and Family Affairs in the Republic of Ireland.

In Singapore, various cultural and religious groups came together in July to host a “Multi—Racial Multi—Religious Harmony Nite” which attracted an audience of 5,000, including the President of the Republic of Singapore, Mr. S.R. Nathan. There were various

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performances from a diverse array of cultures and religions, including a dance on racism performed by a group of Bahé’l’ youth.

More than 150 participants attended a memorial gathering in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, honoring the South African youth who were martyred during apartheid in Soweto, South Africa. The event was organized by the External Affairs Office of the National Spiritual Assembly of Ethiopia and attracted people from various religious and ethnic backgrounds. Prayers from different faiths were read, as well as a statement from the Bahé’l’ International Community on racism. The coordinator for the African Committee ofExperts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child gave an informative keynote address outlin— ing some of the Challenges facing children in Africa today. Among those present were representatives from the United Nations, as well as other governmental and nongovernmental organizations.

The Native American Bahé’r’ Institute (NABI) in Arizona, United States, inaugurated the recent additions to its community center. Designated as a regional training institute by the National Spiritual Assembly, NABI’s emphasis is on training human resources and re— sponding to the needs of the surrounding population. The region served by NABI covers 16,000 square miles and includes 110 Na— vajo and 5 Hopi communities in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. Following a Navajo tradition, the community conducted a house— blessing ceremony, which incorporated prayers and chants from the Bahé’i Faith and from the Navajo culture.

The University ofTexas at Arlington’s Bahé’f Club and the Native American Student Association sponsored an event at the university to encourage understanding of Native American culture and to promote the principle of the oneness of humanity. The sounds of native ﬂutes, harmonized chanting, and the steady beat of drums filled the University Center Rosebud Theater during a performance by the Kevin Locke Trio. Composed of award—winning singers, dancers, and storytellers, the trio shared its heritage with an audi- ence of about 300.

The arts

Bahé’l’s are increasingly recognizing the vital role of the arts in the enrichment of community life and in deepening their understanding

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People} T/aeater representatives Eifim Enayzttz' (secondfi'om right) and Curtis Volk (right) with #96 Mayor of Ofiénbac/y, Ger/mm’ Grand/ee (third fiom right), and some members 0ft/76 cast.

of the Faith. From the use of role—playing and visual arts at confer— ence workshops to traveling theater troupes, the arts provide a unique way to combine the teachings of Bahé’u’llah with an appreciation of cultural diversity.

In Offenbach, Germany, an award—winning Baha’i—inspired the— ater project, People’s Theater, began a new season of performances in November. Aimed at preventing violence and promoting social skills among school students, the group has won favor this year at the highest levels of the federal government. The German Minister for Family and Youth, Renate Schmidt, awarded two representatives of People’s Theater a financial grant to assist the further development of the theater. People’s Theater was one of 25 winners selected from 560 entrants in a competition initiated by the Office of the Chancellor to select projects with the most promise of benefiting society.

People’s Theater was founded by Erfan Enayati, a Baha’i from Offenbach. The Baha’i inspiration behind the People’s Theater is seen not only in its selection of the social topics that are the themes of its performances, but also in its guiding principles such as the

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People’s Theater in action. Elements of the scene are outlined cm the

blackboard.

underlying unity ofworld religions and respect for all ethnic groups, Which play a fiJndamental role in every show. Presentations by the People’s Theater combine the elements of a talk show with those of theater. Each show illustrates a conﬂict that exists in the school where the show is being performed, such as violence, backbiting, 0r dishonesty, and teaches virtues such as unity, justice, and the tool of consultation to solve problems. The theater portion of the show portrays the problem to the audience. In the talk show session that follows, the audience discusses constructive solutions to the problem through dialogue and role—playing.

Gerhard Grandke, the Mayor of Offenbach, has been a strong supporter of the project since its inception in 2001. The project also

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has the support of local government offices dealing with education, community integration, and crime prevention, and it has received a warm reception in the public school system. During the last two years the People’s Theater has performed more than 700 shows in more than 40 schools.

One hundred and two participants gathered in the city of Baguio in the Philippines for the Baha’i National Arts Festival. The festival, held from 26 to 29 December 2004, attracted Baha’i artists from 20 localities in the country who came to perform, display their art, and encourage others to explore their own artistic skills and talents. Performers, including the rock band Sublime Vision, sang songs they had composed, and the NCR (National Capital Region) youth group gave dramatized performances about the early history of the Baha’i Faith. The dances performed by the San Jose’ City youth troupe included depictions of Baha’i principles. A trio of dancers performed modern and traditional dances, and poetry by Baha’i authors, recited in English and Tagalog (the official language of the Philippines) won a warm reception. Youth, junior youth, and adult groups held discussions at the festival about the use of the arts in community activities, demonstrating their commitment to including artistic expression in the activities of the Faith.

Heartwarming performances brought life to Peace Fest 2004, held from 30 to 31 October at the Louis G. Gregory Baha’i Institute in South Carolina, United States, which is named after the Hand of the Cause of God Louis G. Gregory. Close to 300 visitors came to see a diverse selection of dance, song, poetry, and drumming. Also set up were an information booth on the Baha’i Faith, food stalls, and vendors selling hand-made crafts. One of the highlights of the event was a presentation in tribute to Charles E. Bolden In, this year’s recipient of the Louis G. Gregory Award for Service to Humanity. A retired Marine brigadier general and South Carolina native, Bolden ﬂew four space shuttle missions as an astronaut, commanding one.

A multinational musical theater troupe enjoyed a positive te- ception in Vilnius, Lithuania, during a two—week tour organized by the Local Spiritual Assembly of the Baha’is of Vilnius. The Inspirit Performing Arts group, with members from 14 countries, presented three performances of a musical play, Quart oftbe Spirit, to enthusiastic audiences in the Eifu Theater in Vilnius. During the

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tour, from 31 July to 12 August 2004, the I6-member cast composed of volunteer staff from the Baha’i World Centre in Haifa, Israel, performed songs, dances, and instrumental pieces in a production that depicted aspects of the world’s religions. The show’s theme was the path of the wayfarer in his search for spiritual truth. Other activi- ties included a public photographic exhibition held in a hall located near the city center. This well—attended display featured the work of Ineta Alvarado, a Baha’i from Vilnius. On six evenings, members of the troupe gave public talks on a variety of topics relating to the Baha’i Faith, which were followed by discussions. The activities of Inspirit sparked the interest of audience members, who have since begun attending Baha’i study circles, devotional meetings, youth and children’s classes, and discussion meetings.

The Celebration! Congo Choir, a Baha’i troupe of singers, danc— ers, and musicians from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, had its first North American tour in April 2005. With a mission to promote a message of peace and unity through the arts, the choir performed a musical theatrical production titled Bomo/eo: An Afii— am Story of Unity in R/ayt/am and Song that joyously celebrates the glorious diversity of the oneness of humanity. The production, in the Lingala language spoken in regions of the Congo, dramatized the experiences of a mythical African village coping with the Chal- lenges of community prejudices when a young man and woman of different tribes wish to marry. Through song, dance, and drama, the events unfold as the villagers struggle to understand the meaning of unity in diversity.

In the spring of 2004, Baha’i musicians from diverse cultural backgrounds came together for a concert tour in North America. Harmonizing a variety of musical styles and instruments, the “Embrace the World” tour, from 15 April to 11 May, traveled to ten US states and to British Columbia, Canada. The musicians performed 20 concerts at packed venues in major cities such as San Francisco, Seattle, Vancouver, Salt Lake City, and Houston. Audiences from a wide range of religious and ethnic backgrounds responded with standing ovations, sing—alongs, and insistent requests for encores.

The purpose of the concerts was “to share the Baha’i concept of the oneness of mankind,” said KC. Porter, 21 multi-Gtammy—award— winning producer, songwriter, and keyboardist, who organized the

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A dancefiom (z pmformame of “Quest 0ft/Je Spirit" in Vilnius, Lithuania, featuring ??z/ymimz Kaleenowz {[efi‘) fiom Kazak/m‘an and Penimz Smith fiom Papua New Guinea.

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concert series. “The spirit of unity was reﬂected not only in the music, but with the diversity that was represented on the stage, fea— turing artists and musical styles from around the globe,” he added. Sharing the stage with Mr. Porter were Lin Cheng, a singer and erhu virtuoso whose albums have sold by the millions in China, and Itanian-born Farzad Khozein, a jazz—inﬂuenced classical vio— linist. Also touring were Colombian singer Leonor Dely with her family’s ﬂute-and-petcussion group, Millero Congo, and backing musicians from the United States and Scotland. Local musicians also had the opportunity for exposure as opening acts for some of the concerts. They included the hip—hop group Justice Leeg in the Los Angeles area, the Duwamish Tribe drumming group in Seattle, and a IOO-piece choir, Getting Higher, in Vancouver. As well as music, the concerts included presentations of selections from the Baha’i writings. The concert won positive reviews as people recognized the uplifting message of the tour. The executive director of the Arts Council in Lake County, California, Xian Yeagan, wrote, “It was the integration of these styles in the hands of the masters that made the concert so moving. . .[a]nd that was what the concert was all about, embracing and unifying the world through art.”

Education

In the words of the Guardian of the Baha’i Faith, education is “one of the most fundamental factors of true civilization.” However, in order for this education to achieve its fundamental purpose, it must be “comprehensive in nature and should take into consideration not only the physical and the intellectual side of man but also his spiritual and ethical aspects.”7 This year saw a wide range of Baha’i educational activities around the world. From conferences on Baha’i scholarship and professional life to Classes in moral development and virtues training for Children, Baha’is are committed to exploring and developing the spiritual dimension of education.

Children’s classes, which are held in Baha’i communities through— out the world, have in recent years been accepted and encouraged by a wider society as a way of providing children with moral education. In Australia, about 6,000 primary school children are attending Baha’i classes, which are offered in more than 300 state-run schools.

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The Classes are offered mainly to provide religious instruction to Baha’i children. Yet more than 90 percent of the children in Baha’l’ Classes are from families who are not members of the Baha’i Faith, indicating the wide appeal of the Baha’i approach to religious educa— tion. In accordance With the Baha’i belief that all the world’s great religions share the same divine origin and have been revealed progres— sively to humanity, the approach of Baha’i Education in State Schools (BESS) includes an introduction to the world’s other great religions. BESS classes also stress the development of moral values as taught in all world religions, such as patience, honesty, and compassion, as well as Baha’u’llah’s social principles, such as the oneness of humanity, the equality of women and men, and the promotion of racial and religious tolerance. Prayers and meditation are also incorporated. Established in the 19805, today BESS classes are taught by hundreds of Baha’l’ volunteers in most states of Australia.

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In Perth, LVestern Australia, volunteer teacher Faeg/ye Evans teaches a Balm’ Education in State School: (BESS) class.

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Children from families who are not Baha’is may attend BESS Classes only with parental permission. There has been an enormous growth of interest in BESS classes over the past decade and the classes have expanded in number and size. The response from parents to the BESS classes has been overwhelmingly positive, largely due to the results parents see in the children who attend them. Many teachers draw on a Baha’i curriculum known as the “Peace Pack,” initially developed in Western Australia by teacher Georgina Sounness and illustrator Terri Turner. “The whole purpose of it is to empower children to believe that peace is achievable and to give them the tools to become peacemakers and assist them in bringing it about,” said Ms. Sounness.

Baha’i communities across Canada and Australia paid respect to the teaching profession at events that marked World Teachers’ Day. The role of the educator is given prime importance in the Baha’i Faith, and Baha’i communities in various countries have been active supporters of the occasion, Which was initiated by UNESCO in 1993 and is observed internationally in October. In Mill Bay, British Co— lumbia, Canada, teachers at five schools received gifts and a framed

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quotation from the Baha’i writings that indicates the importance of teachers: “The education and training of children is among the most meritorious acts of humankind.” Elsewhere, the Baha’is of Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, organized a teacher appreciation event that included a dinner and performances by students from a nearby Baha’f—inspired school of performing arts, the Nancy Camp— bell Collegiate Institute.

In Australia, teacher appreciation events were held in such places as Cairns, Darwin, Melbourne, Hobart, and Perth. In the weeks leading up to the events, children attending Baha’i religious educa— tion classes in government schools and after-school Baha’i education Classes were encouraged to recognize the contribution that teachers make to their lives. In the Melbourne suburb of Eltham, more than 200 guests, including teachers, school principals, a local mayor, and members of Parliament gathered at a dinner and special presentation for teachers. Baha’i’s in other places organized events to show their appreciation of teachers such as special morning teas, dinners, and presentations at school assemblies. Brisbane held its first Teacher Appreciation event with four schools hosting a morning tea for 160 teachers. In Rockhampton, Queensland, the students went to every class to present a red carnation to their teachers. Some teachers said that this was the first time in their careers they had received such recognition and appreciation for their efforts.

The Rowhani Baha’i School in Vanuatu has seen a dramatic increase in the interest of local families in the school, demonstrat— ing a receptiveness in society to the Baha’i model of education. The number of students at the school has grown from 60 to 140 in the past year. The increase in enrollment is due to the school’s reputa- tion for academic, spiritual, and moral education. The school also received praise for the standards of excellence it is aiming to achieve, for its high level of discipline and spirituality, and for the service opportunities that it provides for young Children.

The 15th annual function of New Era High School in Panchgani, India, was inaugurated by the chief guest Sri Narayan Mishra, the Director-General of Police. Words of Baha’u’llah and a dance per— formance created a serene atmosphere. Sri Narayan Mishra talked about the importance of teachers in shaping the characters ofyoung children, praised the performance of New Era during the past 15

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years, and spoke about its contributions to society. The children of the school presented a cultural show depicting the theme of unity and love for nature and culture. More than 2,000 people attended the function and about 800 students performed on the stage.

A Bahé’i-inspired institute was established in Australia in 2004 with a commitment to assisting in building a culture of peace. The Education for Peace Institute is a nonprofit nongovernmental orga- nization that offers a range of programs for children from eight years of age to adult. Its programs are based on the Education for Peace

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Anita Vega andjuan 7217mm): of Ecuador at the “Growth and Victories” conference held in Otawzlo.

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curriculum, which has been developed and applied in various forms in the Baha’i community over the past 12 years. The programs are designed to empower participants to discover their inner selves, cul— tivate their spiritual qualities, and channel them towards building a culture ofpeace using the skills required for peace making. Programs are available in a range of formats, including distance education, classes, camps, and residential schools. The institute currently has an annual intake of 400 students.

Around the world, conferences took place at which Baha’l’s came together to explore aspects of scholarship and spirituality. The Eighth European Baha’i Conference on Law, organized by the Law Association of the Tahitih Institute, was held in the Netherlands. As part of its ongoing efforts to promote Baha’i scholarship in law and law-related disciplines, and to encourage professional cooperation and fellowship among lawyers and law students, this year’s program brought together presentations by scholars as well as panel discus- sions and workshops on criminal, commercial, and constitutional law, and on mediation.

The conference, held from 9 to 12 December 2004, attracted participants from 10 countries. Among the highlights was a lecture delivered by Professor Brian Lepard of the University of Nebraska; he emphasized the importance of looking at the ethical teachings of the world’s religions in developing international law to effectively protect human rights. Professor Lepard said that moral and ethical teachings of religions, which underpinned international law at its historical formation, give that moral foundation to human rights by declaring that they are God—given rights; they also give recognition to the individual’s duty to promote and protect the human rights of others. Among the papers delivered by Baha’i lawyers were “State and Religious Order in Baha’i Theology” by Tajan Tober (Germany), “The Oneness of Humanity as a Contemporary Legal Principle” by Neysun Mahboubi (United States), “The Place of Idealism in an Emerging International Legal Order” by Salim Nakhjavani (United Kingdom), and “From Empire to Empathy: Law, Spirituality, and the Oneness of Humankind,” by Payam Akhavan (Canada).

The Baha’i Association of Mental Health Professionals held its sixth annual conference at Bosch Baha’i School in Santa Cruz, California, USA. The theme of this year’s conference was “The

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Brain and the Spirit: In Search of the Whole Self.” Presentations integrated Bahé’i’ scripture with scientific knowledge. Presentations included “The Biology of Belief” and “Spirituality and Psychology: An Emerging Partnership.”

More than 1,200 people from 16 countries came together in Calgary, Alberta, for the 28th Annual Conference for the Associa— tion for Bahé’f Studies—North America, on the theme “Spirit and Intellect: Advancing Civilization.” The plenary and breakout sessions investigated the meaning and history of civilization, its connection to the qualities inherent in human nature, and the process by which cultures and civilizations develop and change character. Present- ers and audience members represented higher and intermediate academic institutions, artists and design professionals, community development practitioners, business people, and others in the general community. Speakers included architect Siamak Hariri, artist Otto Donald Rogers, members of the Continental Board of Counsellors Nicola Towfigh and David R. Smith, political scientist Andy Knight, associate professor of history Susan Stiles Maneck, and former director of the Centre for Studies on Religion and Society at the University of Victoria, Harold Coward.

The 12th Annual Conference of the Association for Bahé’i’ Studies—Japan was held in Sapporo. Under the theme “The Pros- perity 0f Humankind,” presentations addressed various topics such as the need to implement virtues training at home, in education, and in business, and the current overemphasis on material aspects of well—being with no recognition of the interconnectedness of humankind. Participants explored the institute process as an engine for human change and as a means to address contemporary prob— lems. The opening talk, delivered by Dr. Sandra Fotos, discussed the community—building nature of the institute process and the ways in which study circles, implemented by Bahé’i’ communities worldwide, enhance consultative skills.

At the request of the National Spiritual Assembly, the Associa— tion for Bahé’l’ Studies—India, in collaboration with the Foundation for the Advancement of Science, organized a training workshop for Bahé’l’ youth throughout the country. The purpose of the workshop was to empower them to reach out to people in their own social circles and to engage with them in acts of service. With full support

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and wide publicity generated by the National Spiritual Assembly and the Counsellors, the workshop attracted more than 90 participants from 24 cities and towns of India. The plenary sessions were led by Sona Arbab from the Baha’i World Centre, and workshop facilitators included Counsellor Payam Shoghi, Farida Vahedi, Dr. Vasudevan Nair, and Collis Rost. The weekend included creative evening work— shops With music, poetry, and dance, as well as a panel discussion in which youth shared their successes and challenges in promoting the three “core activities” in their communities.

Children and youth

I?!

Children and youth play a unique role in the activities of the Baha 1 Faith. Through their energy and creativity, they contribute to the vitality of communities and the advancement of society. The Baha’i writings encourage youth to render service to mankind: “Blessed is he who in the prime of his youth and the heyday of his life will arise to serve the Cause of the Lord.”8

In Mbabane, Swaziland, children from the Baha’i Primary School experienced the personal satisfaction of giving to others during a recent visit to the Shewula Orphanage, where they delivered clothes to more than 200 orphans. The clothes were collected by the Baha’i students as part of their celebration ofAyyam—i-Ha, an annual pe- riod of charity and hospitality for Baha’is. Participating in the trip were students from the grade 6 and 7 classes who sang songs and performed a dance on the theme of poverty.

In the Solomon Islands, more than 30 Children from the Baha’i community spent time at the National Referral Hospital’s Children’s Ward during Ayyam-i-Ha. Accompanied by their teachers and par— ents, the children prayed for the young children in the hospital, sang songs, and presented gifts to them.

szrqaz international Children’s magazine, a bimonthly magazine from Canada, is dedicated to the moral and intellectual development of Children through Baha’i—inspired principles. Varqa entered an exciting new phase in its distribution through a series of promotions designed to introduce the magazine to more than 8,000 Canadian children—the first time a Baha’i-inspired children’s magazine is being openly marketed to the general public. At Toronto’s annual

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'5 finnrmgwgyemmgnts‘lwms [EBAHA s DEJGUINEE ' » I-mnun'w:

Particzpants at the national Baba’ ’z’yaut/y conference in N ’Ze’re’leoré, Guinea.

[Page 103]YEAR IN REVIEW 103

KidSummer festival, 6,000 copies of Varqd were placed in free sample bags that were given to the children who participated in the events, and at the annual Word on the Street festival, Canada’s largest book and magazine festival which boasts more than 180,000 visitors, Varqzz’s booth was set up alongside those of the leading publishers in children’s books and magazines.

In the spring of 2004, 17 members of Canada’s Nancy Campbell Collegiate Institute’s (NCCI) Grade II World Citizenship class and 3 staff members went on a service project to the Bahamas. The trip was part of NCCI’s World Citizenship Curriculum (WCC), a series of mandatory courses that focus on developing students’ capacities and vision as world citizens and service—oriented leaders. Each year, stu— dents in the class have the opportunity to participate in an overseas service trip to put into action many of the concepts they learn about in WCC. Through the trip, students develop an understanding of themselves as world citizens as well as their skills ofservice, and they also render a practical service that is needed and can be sustained in the community being served. On this trip, the students participated in several meaningful service opportunities on the island of New Providence. One week was spent at All Saints Camp, an HIV/AIDS care center for 48 adults and 13 children, helping paint houses for the residents there. The second project was to teach literacy and Virtues at an elementary school, and the final service was to perform the NCCI dance workshop’s dances in New Providence.

To launch its new program FLAME (Foundation for Leadership and Moral Empowerment), the Social and Economic Development Services (SEDS) of Malaysia organized a three-day seminar to bring together people who have been active in promoting the Junior Youth Spiritual Empowerment Programme (JYSEP). Entitled “Charting New Horizons in the JYSEP,” the seminar’s main objectives were to deepen the vision and understanding of JYSEP, to promote the program in corporate and public institutions, and to develop ways to reinforce the JYSEP courses through junior youth holiday camps and gatherings. Forty people from eight countries participated in this seminar.

One hundred and seventy youth from Croatia, Italy, and Sicily gathered at a national youth conference in Acuto, Italy. From the inception of the Five Year Plan, youth have been systematically in—

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volved in initiating study circles, devotional gatherings, and children’s Classes. Throughout the conference, the workshops were inspired by courses in the Ruhi curriculum, which facilitates discussion on various social and spiritual issues.

Baha’i youth from 30 countries came to the Townshend Interna- tional School in Hluboka, Czech Republic, for the Changing Times European Youth Forum from 26 December 2004 to I January 2005. The seminar, organized by a team of European Baha’i youth, was the third annual event of its kind, its reputation for learning and camaraderie attracting participants from many European countries as well as from Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, Namibia, New Zea- land, Samoa, and the United States. The keynote speakers were ‘Ali and Violette Naﬂjavani’. Mr. Nanavéni’ shared his insights on the current world situation and spiritual matters, and recounted his memories of growing up in the Holy Land. Other speakers included Italian industrialist Giuseppe Robiati and psychiatrist Hamid Pes— eschkian. In his talk, Dr. Peseschkian emphasized the need for good time management in meeting the challenges of living a balanced, faith—centered life. Workshops addressed a variety of themes such as consumerism, the art of communication, leadership and power, and using the arts to express a vision of a new world.

The Baha’i youth of Guinea held their third National Youth Conference in N’Zérékoré in July. The theme of this year’s confer— ence was “The Baha’i Faith: History and Perspectives.” More than 60 youth from nearly all the regions of the country participated in workshops such as “The Central Figures of the Faith,” “Baha’i Ad— ministration,” and “The Role onouth Now,” using the performing arts to elucidate the themes.

The State Baha’i Youth Committee of Orissa in India organized a state-level youth festival (GLORY 2004) at the Baha’i House in Bhubaneswar, drawing an attendance of more than 80 youth from throughout the state. Among the activities of the weekend were a devotional gathering, songs, various workshops, and talks on aspects of the Faith including “The Role of Youth in Present Society” and “Baha’i Administration.”

The Nordic Youth Conference was held in Enkoping, Sweden, in March of this year. The main speaker, Dr. Suheil Bushrui, gave a talk on the main theme of the conference, “The Writings of

[Page 105]YEAR IN REVIEW 105

Shoghi Effendi.” Through workshops, discussions, and lectures, the participants deepened their understanding of the life of Shoghi Effendi and explored some of his most important writings, such as 7716 1%er Order ofBzz/ad’zﬂla’k, The Advent osz’w’ne justice, and God Passes By.

The Baha’i Youth Workshop, a Los Angeles—based dance collec— tive, recently celebrated its 30th anniversary with a conference and reunion. Youth from throughout the United States and Canada gathered together for eight days of training, rehearsal, teaching, and service, and explored ways to further enrich and develop the workshop experience.

The conference, titled “Inspiration for Generations,” drew mem- bers and alumni of Baha’i dance workshops all over the country to Los Angeles for a week of intensive training and street teaching. The conference was a time to develop new skills in the performing arts as well as a time to reminisce. Since 1974, when the first Baha’i Youth Workshop formed, hundreds of young people have passed through the workshop program. Using the arts to promote the principles of the Faith, Baha’i workshops like the one in Los Angeles have sprung up all over the world.9

One such initiative took place in August 2004 in Japan. Twenty youth from several countries around the world gathered in Japan and spent ten days on a Peace Relay and Dance Workshop trip. During this period the youth, who came from Canada, Japan, Korea, Rwanda, the UK, and the US, performed in various Japanese cities including Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Fukuoka, and Nagasaki. Conceived and initiated by the youth themselves, this project’s aim was to promote the unifying message of Baha’u’llah through dances inspired by social teachings of the Baha’i Faith.

Community development

Reports indicate that Baha’i communities worldwide are moving ahead with increasing momentum as they develop and expand their human resources through the systematic implementation of the “core activities” in their localities.

To facilitate the worldwide process of systematic development in Baha’i communities, countries have been mapped and sectioned into

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“Clusters” of a composition and size that maximize human resources and the potential for growth. Through the implementation of the institute process, which promotes the three core activities of study circles, devotional meetings, and Children’s classes, clusters have be— come organized areas of intensive growth around the world. Clusters worldwide, from Sumgait, Azerbaijan, to Vancouver, Canada, are experiencing growth through the institute process.

In its letter of 9 January 2001 introducing the Five Year Plan, the Universal House of Justice envisioned reﬂection meetings as periodic gatherings for consultation “to reﬂect on issues, consider adjustments, and maintain enthusiasm and unity of thought.” In the past four years, reﬂection meetings have become an important inﬂuence in encouraging individual initiative and an integral part of the evolution of communities.

There is no definitive format for the gatherings. In various Clusters around the globe new insights are being gained about the implementation of Cluster meetings, and communities are ex- perimenting with creative ways to establish a dynamic and unifying atmosphere.

The Fako cluster in Cameroon begins its meeting with a devo- tional program and singing. The Lugari cluster in Kenya utilizes the arts in the form of dramatic skits and role-playing. In Nepal, youth are taking a leading role in reﬂection meetings; the youth of the Sunsari cluster not only organize and participate in the reﬂection meetings, they also visit members of the community in advance to encourage and educate them about the importance of the meetings. In Victoria, Australia, some of the clusters devote time to sharing the achievements of the communities relating to the three core activi- ties, to increase enthusiasm and to inspire participants to undertake further initiatives.

Communities are learning how to use reﬂection meetings as an impetus for action. In Biharsharif, India, reﬂection meetings serve as a means for the believers to learn how to become more systematic in their collective undertakings. A report of a reﬂection meeting in Broward County, Florida, in the United States, demonstrates how such meetings can be used to launch a campaign to significantly mul— tiply individual actions, which in turn can contribute to increased growth. In India, a believer who accepted the Faith over 20 years

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ago commented, “Reﬂection gatherings have filled the entire com— munity with excitement, providing us with the realization of what needs to be done and how we are to do it. Regular interaction in these gatherings ensures that our efforts are based on existing human resources and this approach has paved the way for success.” Another example of communities coming together to evaluate their progress and set new goals is the three—day Institutional Con- sultative Gathering that was organized by the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha’is of India in Gwalior from 25 to 27 February 2005. More than 400 Baha’l’s from 26 states of India, representing State Baha’i Councils, administrative committees, training insti— tutes, cluster-level agencies, and the Auxiliary Board, took stock of the achievements of the past four years. The event also enhanced understanding of the elements that contribute to accelerated growth. Participants shared recent experiences of planning, expansion, con—

At the Baba’ ’2' center in Suva, Fiji, participants study a course designed to assist them to éecome tutors

of study circles.

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Some 0ftbe' 1,200 participants at the "Portal: to Growth" conference in

Sydney, Australia, in Octaber 2004, representing a wide diversity ofages and backgrounds.

solidation, human resource development, and evaluation associated with intensive growth cycles in some of the clusters. As a result, the Baha’i communities of India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka received the necessary impetus to set a new vision of growth.

Service to society was the focus of the Australian Baha’i con— ference “Portals to Growth—Creating Capacity for Service.” The conference, held from I to 4 October in Sydney, attracted 1,200 participants and was mirrored by a sister conference held from 7 to 10 October in Perth, which was attended by 700 people. The partici- pants focused on the energy that is being unleashed through study circles and other core activities of Baha’i communities worldwide. At the time of the conference, more than 380 study Circles were being conducted in Australia, and Baha’i classes were being held in 320 government schools. Members of study circles undertake voluntary community service, thereby learning to integrate personal spiritual development with serving others. Dr. Farzam Arbab, member of the Universal House ofJustice and keynote speaker at both conferences, said that study circles not only build a sense of optimism about the

[Page 109]YEAR IN REVIEW 109

future, but also empower individuals to act for positive change and the “emphasis on a grassroots approach allows a great range of in— dividual approaches and initiatives to be developed, and those that prove particularly effective can be broadened and made more widely available.” As well as exploring ways to expand and enhance the study circle process, the conference participants also looked at how to steadily improve Bahé’i educational classes offered to children.

Bahé’l’ summer schools worldwide also contribute to the consoli— dation and harmony of a community through a balance of devotions, study, and recreation. Common themes ofsummer schools this year were the creative ways the core activities are now being carried out by Bahé’l’s throughout the world. A string of summer schools was held across Europe, in countries such as Croatia, Ireland, Norway, Romania, and Slovakia.

In Romania, the emphasis was on workshops and how Bahé’l’s and their friends could improve the way they carry out the com— munity’s core activities. The participants prepared skits, decorated prayer books, made invitations for devotional meetings and study circles, and learned how to tell stories.

More than 300 Bahé’l’s gathered for Norway’s summer school at Beitostolen, where guest speaker Dr. Hossajn Danesh of Canada addressed the topic of how to mature as human beings within the

A presentation ofdmwings [7}; children at the 34/94 ’z’summer school in

Romania.

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, ' I i ‘5 ,1 Paricz'pantx at the Baha’ ’1’ summer school ofCroatz'zz and Slovenia.

context of family, work, and Baha’i service. The summer school involved specific programs for children, junior youth, and youth.

In Ireland there was an emphasis on programs for the younger members of the Baha’i community. Junior youth built a large wooden swing and a “watch tower” as part of the recreational program at the country’s summer school, attended by more than 500 people in Waterford City. “Awakening the Spirit” was the theme of the school, which mixed panel sessions and workshops with traditional lecture formats. Visiting speakers included scholars and writers Wendi and Moojan Momen, and Rita and Viv Bartlett.

The principal guest speaker at Slovakia’s national summer school was Dr. Firaydoun Javaheri, member of the Universal House ofJus— tice, who spoke about the role of the Baha’i Faith in the twenty—first century. Baha’i actor and comedian Omid Djalili and his wife, An— nabel Knight, presented a drama workshop. Other speakers included Raymond and Furugh Switzer, who talked about marriage, family life, and managing time and money.

The summer school of Croatia and Slovenia was held from 21 to 28 August in Seline, Croatia. Participants came from the host countries, as well as nearby Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia and

[Page 111]YEAR IN REVIEW 113

World Order, a quarterly journal published by the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahé’i’s 0f the United States, received an international award for Best Journal Design in recognition of new designs for its cover and interior that convey the journal’s multidis- ciplinary nature.

The award was presented to the World Order staff by the Council of Editors of Learned Journals (CELJ) at a ceremony held in conjunc— tion with the Modern Language Association annual conference in Philadelphia on 27 December 2004. The CELJ, whose membership comprises more than 450 journal editors, is a major international organization dedicated to appraising academic journals in the hu— manities.

“70er Order, which has been published since 1966 and has an international readership, is devoted to consideration of the spiritual, moral, cultural, and social challenges confronting world society at a time when humanity must recognize its oneness and establish a global, just civilization. W/arld Om’er has published articles, editorials, and reviews on race and racism, the equality of men and women, human rights, the environment, the United Nations, spiritual ap- proaches to economic problems, and interfaith dialogue. It also has a reputation for publishing poetry and photographs of high artistic

merit.

Involvement in the life of society

Bahé’i’s around the globe are dedicated to creating a peaceful world civilization. As an international nongovernmental organization, the Bahé’i’ International Community is involved in a wide range of activities to advance the welfare of society, including extensive work with the United Nations, participation in dialogues with leaders of thought, and interaction with the wider public.

In December 2004 a tsunami in the Indian Ocean caused death and destruction on an unprecedented scale. The magnitude of suffering experienced by the millions affected by the catastrophe caused people throughout the world to respond with compassion and concern. Baha’i’i’ communities worldwide demonstrated their commitment to alleviating suffering by contributing to relief efforts through monetary means, donation of time and skills, and memo—

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rial meetings. Bahé’i’s were among the key organizers of national tsunami memorials around the world. From Brazil to Singapore, Bahé’is encouraged their communities to embrace a vision of the unity of mankind and to consider the importance of cooperation in all aspects of life.

The Bahé’i’ community of Norway was one of three religions 0n the organizing committee of a national commemoration for the victims of the December 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami disaster. More than 1,000 people attended the event on 16 January 2005, World Religion Day, including the King and Queen of Norway, the Crown Prince and Princess, 50 ambassadors, and top—ranking gov- ernment officials. The ceremony, open to the public, was broadcast on national television. One ofNorway’s most respected newspapers, Afimpostm, referred to the ceremony as an “important and historic step in creating mutual understanding and respect among different religions in Norway.” For the ceremony, 0510 Town Hall was lit with 500 candles. Eleven faiths were represented with readings from their holy writings on hardship and hope. Music was interspersed with the readings and included Norwegian folk music, African drums,

Particzpams at an intwfizit/a tmmzmz' memorial service laeld at t/oe Bab ’ House ofiVorshz'p in Sydney, Australia.

)

z’

[Page 113]YEAR IN REVIEW 115

the Persian santor, and Indonesian cymbals. Performers included an orchestra and a children’s choir.

Another event dedicated to the victims of the tsunami was held at the national Baha’i center in Luxembourg. Prayers and holy writ- ings from various faiths were recited in an atmosphere of respect and meditation. The chosen texts highlighted the themes of peace, fellowship, love, and trust in God.

The Slovenian Baha’i community regularly organizes interfaith programs in order to strengthen relations with different religious groups. On World Religion Day, the community organized a memorial for the tsunami victims which included prayers and music. Religious representatives also gathered at the national Baha’i center in Sofia, Bulgaria, to mark World Religion Day. The event brought together representatives of more than 30 religions.

Eight hundred mourners attended the special service for victims of the tsunami held at the Baths“ House of Worship in Sydney, Australia, on 16 January, and a multifaith memorial service organized by the Bahé’l’ community of Kingbotough at the Hobart Town hall on the same day was attended by over 200 worshippers. Baha’i communities around the country hosted or participated in interfaith services to pray for the victims of the tsunami, express support, and collect funds for relief and reconstruction efforts.

In Vanuatu, the Bahai’l’s, in conjunction with the Indian com- munity, organized an interfaith memorial service for the tsunami victims. The event was held at the Baha’i gardens on the eve of 9 January. The ceremony was attended by the Indian High Commis— sioner, the British High Commissioner, the French Consul, other government officials, and members of nongovernmental organiza— tions. Members of various religious communities shared prayers and holy writings. In Indonesia, the Bahé’is raised $6,000 US for the tsunami relief fund, which they took to the Ministry of Social Welfare.

An event organized by the Baha’i community of Seri Setia, Malaysia, for the United—Nations—designated World Peace Day drew a crowd of 500, 40 percent of whom were not Bahé’is. The event, titled “For the Love of Peace,” was held in the serene setting of the Tropicana Gold and Country Resort in Petaling Jaya. Bernard Ong, who spoke on behalf of the Baha’i community, highlighted

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Bahe’t’u’lléh’s call to the kings and leaders of the world urging them to meet together to establish peace. Guests included Tan Sri Lee Lam Thye, the well—known socialist, and Yante Ismail, representative of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Malaysia, who thanked the Bahé’l’ International Community for its efforts in creating a culture of peace.

“Tranquility Zones” have been growing in popularity since their creation by the Bahé’i’ community in Swindon, UK. Implemented by Bahé’i’s in various communities around the world, Tranquility Zones are serene environments designated for prayer and meditation, where one can take time to focus on one’s spiritual well—being. This past year, four Bahé’i’ health sciences students at Melbourne University in Australia initiated the creation of a Tranquility Zone at the Royal Melbourne Hospital. These youth designated their undertaking as a service project for the hospital community and sought to create an environment of relaxation and spiritual rejuvenation in the midst of a high—pressure workplace. With the approval of the hospital’s chap— laincy coordinator and support from their Local Spiritual Assembly, they created posters and began publicizing their project throughout the hospital. In a dimly lit room decorated with candles and ﬂowers, eight to ten short readings from various holy scriptures are recited while relaxing music plays in the background. Hospital staff and patients alike have found the Tranquility Zone to be a haven where they can reﬂect, meditate, and spiritually recharge.

The 10th anniversary of the United Nations International Year of the Family was celebrated in Stratford, Ontario, Canada, with three days of events during Family Week, 9 through 15 May, as proclaimed by Stratford’s City council. The events, organized by the Bahé’l’ community ofStratford together with members of the general com— munity, included a panel discussion, speeches by local high school students, virtues workshops, and dance and choir performances. A large community youth choir performed one evening, and students from the Bahé’f—inspired performing arts school the Nancy Campbell Collegiate Institute, performed an African—inspired dance celebrating the origins of life. A panel of experts from the fields of education, medicine, counseling, community service, and religion spoke about the Challenges and stresses facing families today and the steps we can take to improve the quality of family life.

[Page 115]YEAR IN REVIEW 117

In the Solomon Islands, Baha’i Keithie Saunders received special acknowledgment from the government for her efforts in community development. Saunders, the daughter of Knights of Baha’u’llah Al- vin and Gertrude Blum, was awarded the Solomon Islands Medal for Distinguished Service in the field of community development. She was included in a list of prestigious recipients, including Prime Minister John Howard ofAustralia and Prime Minister Helen Clark of New Zealand.

The Baha’i community of Portugal was represented at a munici— pal conference on ethnic minorities. The City Hall of Lisbon and the Municipal Committee to Promote Equality, Rights, and Opportu— nities held a conference on the theme of “Immigration and Ethnic Minorities: Integration and Citizenship” to which they invited the Baha’i community. During the conference, held on 16 November 2004, the representative of the Baha’i community emphasized its role in receiving Baha’l’s from Eastern Europe as well as helping non-Baha’i' citizens from that part of the world.

The Baha’i community ofStuttgart, Germany, joined seven other religions in a round table event on World Religion Day to discuss development of the city’s peace manifesto. The Stuttgart Religious Round Table, a committee with official status to intervene in the event of religious conﬂict in the city, opened a panel discussion on “A manifesto for peaceful, active interaction among religions in Stuttgart.” More than 450 took part. The manifesto, which has already been signed by 23 faith groups in the City, aims to foster cooperation of religious communities and the promotion of their mutual understanding. The Baha’i community was one of the seven religions represented on the panel that spoke about reconciliation and confirmed that the manifesto’s spirit had already borne fruit in their respective communities.

In Uganda, a Baha’i delegation met with HRH Henry Wako Muloki, the Kyabazinga (King) of the Kingdom of Busoga in May. The community also met with Hon. Justice Benjamin Odoki, the Chiefjustice of the Republic of Uganda.

In April, a delegation of the Baha’is of North West Province in South Africa presented prayers and Baha’i writings in a ceremony to thank the Hon. Premier Dr. Popo Molefe for his IO years of leader— ship in the province.

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Prominent international visitors to the Baha’i House of Wor- ship in India during the past year expressed their admiration for the Temple that attracts more than 3.5 million visitors annually. Crown Princess Margareta of Romania and her husband, Prince Radu von Hohenzollern-Vetingen, attended a prayer service at the Temple on 14 November 2004. On 13 December 2004, the First Lady of the Slovak Republic, Silvia Gaspatovicova, attended a similar service at

the House OfWOIShip.

Social and economic development

“Be anxiously concerned With the needs of the age ye live in, and center your deliberations on its exigencies and requirements,” Baha’u’llah instructed His followers.10 From grassroots initiatives to international policymaking, this guidance is at the heart of Baha’i’ efforts in social and economic development, seen as a collaborative process designed to empower individuals and communities. Several seminars and conferences were held this year to pro— mote discourse on social and economic development. In India, an international interfaith conference on the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS was held in December 2004. Organized by the Amity Humanities Institute and the National AIDS Control Organization, the primary focus of the conference was to discuss the initiatives to combat and contain the global HrV/AIDS pandemic. The secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha’is of India, the director of the Interfaith Activities Department at the national office, and a member of the Baha’i Office for Advancement of Women repre- sented the Baha’i Faith at the conference. Copies of the statement of the Baha’i community of India were included in the conference folder. The statement discusses the spiritual principles that provide the framework for developing appropriate practical measures to deal with this global issue. The Baha’i community in India is actively engaged in a wide range of activities in every state in the country to help reduce vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and to mitigate its social impact. These include moral and life skills development for children, programs to promote gender equality in families and communities, and adult classes on the application of spiritual principles in daily life. The National Spiritual Assembly emphasized that religious com—

[Page 117]YEAR IN REVIEW 119

Crispz'n Pemberton—Pigozt of Swaziland with [71's award— winning Vésto stove, which was honored by the Design Imtz'tute of South Afiiaz.

munities can play a key role in fostering the change of heart that will lead to changes in behavior that will, in turn, make possible an effective response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Dr. Roza Olyai of Gwalior represented the Bahé’l’ Faith in the first meeting of the South Asia Inter—Religious Council (SAIRC) on HIV/AIDS held in New Delhi, India, from 19 to 20 November 2004. The purpose of the first meeting of the SAIRC was to engage senior leaders of major faiths in the region in a dialogue on the role of reli— gion on HIV/AIDS prevention, care, and support, in order to develop an interfaith consensus for action in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Dr. Olyai shared the endeavors of Bahé’l’ communities worldwide and the comprehensive system of education to encourage the development ofvittues. The Bahé’l’ representative was among five individuals ap— pointed to the drafting committee, which brought out the two-day conference’s final statement.

While the Bethe“ International Community is involved in poli— cymaking on international and national levels, individual Bahé’fs are

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taking initiative in their own communities to assist in the material and spiritual progress of humanity.

In Australia, a project to bring 120 refurbished computers to the Central Pacific island nation of Kiribati for use in schools began in March 2004 under the direction of a member of the Queensland Bahé’l’ community, Len Limpus. The first batch of 30 computers arrived in June, followed by the second in August. A community work coordinator for Salvation Army Employment Plus, Mr. Limpus began developing the project when he learned from the President of Kiribati that many nongovernmental schools in Kiribati had tight budgets and n0 computers.

Inspired by the Bahzi’l’ belief in sustainable development and dedication to enriching the lives of others, Crispin Pemberton— Pigott and his Wife Dawn moved to Swaziland almost three decades ago, founding New Dawn Engineering. The company designs and manufactures a wide range of simple but highly efficient machines

Participants in a seminar, The Family and Social Cohesion, sponsored

hy the Institutefbr Social Cohesion, an agency 0fthe Bahzi’z' communizfy of the UK, gatherfbr a small group discussion fbﬂowz'ng a presentation by Ceria’wen Roberts, a senior researchfillow at the University of Oxfbm’.

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for use at the village level in developing regions. After noticing the need for energy- and cost-efficient stoves in local communities, Mr. Pemberton-Pigott designed an innovative stove that is both efficient and commercially viable. The Vesto stove burns just one- quarter of the wood needed to cook on an open fire, and is virtually smokeless. New Dawn has sold more than 1,000 of the new stoves since early 2002. Moreover, the stove was honored last year by the Design Institute ofSouth Africa (DISA), taking the Chairman’s Special Award, and was described as “an outstanding piece of design which is of the highest international standard.” Judging criteria included innovation, cost/value relationship, performance, safety and ergo— nomics, environmental impact, appearance, and ease of installation and maintenance. The portable Vesto stove burns wood and dung more efficiently and with fewer emissions than conventional stoves, a considerable benefit in a region where forests are becoming in— creasingly difficult to sustain. It can also be manufactured relatively cheaply, making it financially viable for people at the lower end of the economic scale.

Against a backdrop of national concern, the Baha’i community of the United Kingdom has taken a leading role in promoting wider discussion of how to heal the divisions that have arisen as Britain grows more diverse. In 2000, the Institute for Social Cohesion, an agency of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha’is 0f the United Kingdom, was created to assist British society at large to foster a greater sense of unity amidst growing diversity. The Institute has sponsored a series of seminars and workshops that have sought to bring together community leaders and policy makers in an effort to facilitate greater dialogue.

The most recent Institute event, held on 6 July 2004, was a one— day seminar held at the Baha’i national center offices, focusing on “The Family and Social Cohesion.” The featured speaker was Cerid— wen Roberts, a senior research fellow at the University of Oxford and former director of the Family Policy Studies Centre. In attendance were representatives from major faith communities. After remarks by Ms. Roberts, participants broke into two discussion groups, where they concluded that faith groups, rather than the government, were best equipped to promote positive family values.“

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Interfaith

1’!

The principle of the unity of religion is at the center of the Bahal teachings. Baha’is believe “that all the great religions of the world are divine in origin, that their basic principles are in complete har— mony, that their aims and purposes are one and the same” and that they “represent successive stages in the spiritual evolution ofhuman society.”12 Bahé’l’s worldwide are engaged in community interfaith activities and seek to foster friendship and understanding among members of different religions.

In 1950, the National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha’is of the United States ofAmerica instituted an annual World Religion Day. Different communities have adopted this idea, and it is observed in many countries around the world. The third Sunday ofJanuary each year has been designated for this celebration. Since its inception more than 50 years ago, World Religion Day has earned considerable praise from leaders of various religions, communities, government officials, and the general public for fostering interfaith understand- ing and harmony.

In Canada, the Baha’i community of Halifax, Nova Scotia, commemorated World Religion Day with an interfaith event that attracted an audience of 300. The 2005 program focused on children and youth, and included choral singing, dances, instrumental music, poetry, readings, and dramatic presentations. Eleven faiths were rep— resented through various readings and performances, which included a call and response song in Sanskrit, a drum dance by the Kippu [Eagle] Dancers 0f the Mi’kmaq First Nation, the Baha’i Junior Youth Slap Dancers, recitations from the Qu’ran, a dramatic piece by the young Shambala choir, and choirs from the Christian, Bud— dhist, and Baha’i communities, including the Fire and Light Baha’i Chorale. Generous contributions from the audience contributed to the UNICEF tsunami relief effort and to the Metro Food Bank.

More than 150 people attended a multifaith service in Tasmania at Hobart Town Hall on 18 January to mark World Religion Day, orga- nized by the Baha’i community of Kingborough. Part ofTasmania’s bicentennial commemorations, the service was held to celebrate the diversity of faiths that have come to Tasmania during the past 200 years. Representatives from various religions offered prayers and

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Montenegro. The theme of the sessions was “Living by the Will of God,” and presentations included “Bahé’l’ Family Identity,” “Spiri— tuality at Work,” “Marriage and Finding a Partner,” “Bahé’l’ Burial Laws and Writing a Will,” and “Prayer.”

More than 230 adults, youth, and children gathered from all provinces at the Xtreme Momentum Conference in Bloemfontein, South Africa. The purpose of the gathering was to celebrate, pro— mote, and encourage the activities of Bahé’l’ communities. Through devotions, workshops, and creative performances, participants shared their experiences and ideas on ways to encourage and expand de- votional gatherings, children’s classes, and study circles in Baha’l’l’ communities. One highlight was a talk by Jonah Mungoshi from Zimbabwe, who spoke about the capacity of the core activities to act as portals for entrance into the Faith, and the importance of genuine friendship and concern for one another in developing our love for humanity.

One group of Bahai’l’s from Queensland, Australia, developed an innovative way to maintain a study Circle across long distances. A resident of the mining town of Mount Isa, Maxien Bradley found a way for members of a study circle to meet regularly despite

i t“! . $3: . . k ., 7 l.‘ V \ n _ v , 4, .‘ ~ , x

[72 Queensland, Australia, David Podger participates in a stud}! circle.

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the desert and farmland that separated them in the vast outback. In the sparsely populated regions of the Northern Territory and Queensland, regular meetings had not seemed possible until Ms. Bradley suggested an inexpensive form of telephone conferencing. Since 2001, the telephone study circles have expanded, and now four members from the original group have become tutors themselves and are facilitating other telephone study groups. The members of the group have bonded through their involvement in the study circle; in addition to studying the material, they pray together, sing songs, read poetry, and share stories of their backgrounds and teaching efforts. Telephone study circles are also active on the other side of Australia. One based in the remote town ofTom Price in Western Australia has a participant 2,000 kilometers away.

Serembam, Malaysia, holds a special place in the annals of Ma- laysian Baha’i history as the place where the first Local Assembly in West Malaysia was formed in 1954. This year Seremban celebrated its golden jubilee as 400 Baha’is, young and old, gathered to reminisce, gain inspiration from stories of the Faith in the early days, and pay tribute to those who dedicated their lives to establish the Faith in the country. The guest of honor was Ng Poh Loh, the only surviving member of the first Local Assembly. There was a special session to pay tribute to the early believers and to those who became Baha’is during the Ten Year Crusade.

On 2 October 2004 the Baha’i community of Nashville, Tennes— see, in the United States, dedicated its new center. More than 300 Baha’is and their friends from all over Middle Tennessee gathered for morning and afternoon programs, including devotions, performances by the Voices of Baha choir, presentations honoring significant Baha’fs in local history, and heartfelt speeches by the building archi— tects and a National Spiritual Assembly member. The new center has already won an Excellence in Construction award from the Middle Tennessee chapter of the National Builders and Contractors Asso- ciation and has been entered in a national competition. The center symbolizes a continued commitment to the oneness of humanity, noted guest speaker Kenneth Bowers. Particularly because of the South’s history of racism, he said, the center is a sign of the “power of the revelation of Baha’u’llah to transform, not only our society, but also the entire world.”

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scriptural readings on the theme “Love Your Neighbor.” The service also featured dance, musical performances, and meditation.

In Greece, the Baha’i community of Patras organized a devotional gathering for World Religion Day which was attended by members of the Catholic, Orthodox, and Baha’i Faiths. The event, held in a hall belonging to the Catholic Church of Patras, began with soft music and readings from different religions. The Patras community has held this event annually for the past 25 years.

The National Interfaith Forum of New Zealand was held over the weekend of 11—13 February 2005 in Auckland. This Baha’i— initiated forum brings together people of different religious back— grounds to consult about ways of promoting the elimination of religious prejudice. The Auckland Interfaith Council hosted the National Forum this year. The Race Relations Commissioner, Joris de Bres, was present, along with several politicians and leaders of different faiths. Among the seminars was a presentation based on the letter from the Universal House ofJustice to the world’s religious leaders, written in 2002.13

On 28 November, the Inter-Religious Organization (1R0) of Singapore hosted a Peace and Harmony Charity Carnival. The purpose of the event was to raise the consciousness for interfaith and interracial harmony and to raise funds for community services such as nursing homes, welfare, and educational interfaith activities. Baha’i youth performed songs and a step dance at the carnival.

In observance of Malaysia’s 47th year ofindependence, the Baha’i community organized one national and eight state—level devotional gatherings at which government officials and members of other religions in Malaysia joined the Baha’is to pray for the country’s peace and prosperity.

The Baha’i community of Portugal was invited to take part in various interfaith conferences and events around the country. A Baha’i representative gave a talk about unity in diversity at a University of Lisbon interfaith meeting on IO November 2004, to an audience of more than 200. The presentation underlined the importance of the role of women in building society with justice as its basic pillar. The event was attended by members of the Buddhist, Christian, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim, and Baha’i communities.

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The Federal Government of Brazil, through its Secretariat for Human Rights, has implemented a project to elaborate a popular educative booklet entitled Religious Diversity and Human Rzghts, with the goal of promoting understanding and tolerance among the dif- ferent religious groups in Brazil. A number ofdifferent religions were invited to participate in the elaboration of the text. Secretary of the National Spiritual Assembly, Carlos Alberto Silva, participated in all the meetings of the ecumenical group that consulted extensively on this project. The official launch took place on 9 December 2004, at a ceremony attended by the Minister of Human Rights, the Minister of Race Equality, other government officials, and representatives of 34 religious groups.

NOTES

' ‘Abdu’l-Bahé, Paris Elks: Addresses Given by thu’l—Baha’ in Paris in 1911—1912

(London: Baha’i Publishing Trust, 1972), p. 133.

For more information about the review of the Beijing Platform for Action,

see p. 153.

For more information, see the Baha’i International Community’s statement

“The Role of Men and Boys in Achieving Gender Equality,” in The Bahzz’ ’1’

erd 2003—2004 (Haifa: World Centre Publications, 2005), pp. 211—212.

For a profile of the Bath Development Institute for Rural Women, see

The Bahzz’ ’2' World 2000—2001 (Haifa: World Centre Publications, 2002), pp.

219—227.

5 For a profile of the Tahirih Justice Center, see The Bahzi’z’ VV0r1d2003—2004 (Haifa: World Centre Publications, 2005), pp. 203—209.

6 ‘Abdu’l—Bahé, Parix Tt'Z/kS, p. 53.

From a letter written on behalf of Shoghi Effendi, 9 July 1931, in “Schol—

arship,” The Compilation of Compilations, vol. 3 (Ingleside, NSW: Baha’i

Publications Australia, 2000), p. 229.

8 Bahé’u’llah, in “Youth: A Compilation,” The Compilatimz 0fC0mpilatz'0m,

vol. 2 (Ingleside, NSW: Baha’i Publications Australia, 1991), p. 415.

For more information on youth dance workshops, see the article on pp.

221—246 and The Bahzi’z’ era'1994—95 (Haifa: World Centre Publications,

1996), pp. 172—177.

‘0 Bahé’u’lléh, Gleam'ngsfiom the Wiring: ofBahd’u’llzz’h (Wilmette, IL: Baha’i

Publishing Trust, 1983), p. 213.

For more information on the Institute for Social Cohesion, see The Baha’ ’1’

World 2002—2003 (Haifa: World Centre Publications, 2004), pp. 115—116.

[Page 125]YEAR IN REVIEW 12;

‘2 Shoghi Effendi, “The Faith of Bahé’u’lléh” in LVorld Order, vol. 7, no. 2 (Winter 1972—1973), p. 7.

‘3 For the full text of this statement, see The Ba/m’ ’z’ War/d 2002—2003 (Haifa: World Centre Publications, 2004), pp. 89—98.