The Dawn-Breakers/Appendix

The Dawn-Breakers by Nabíl-i-A‘ẓam List of the Báb’s Best-known Works

1. The Persian Bayán
2. The Arabic Bayán
3. The Qayyúmu’l-Asmá
4. The Sahifatu’l-Haramayn
5. The Dalá’il-i-Sab‘ih
6. Commentary on the Súrih of Kawthar
7. Commentary on the Súrih of Va’l-‘Asr
8. The Kitáb-i-Asmá’
9. Sahifiy-i-Makhdhumíyyih
10. Sahifiy-i-Ja’faríyyih
11. Ziyarat-i-Shah-’Abdu’l-’Azim
12. Kitáb-i-Panj-Sha’n
13. Sahifiy-i-Radavíyyih
14. Risaliy-i-‘Adlíyyih
15. Risaliy-i-Fiqhíyyih
16. Risaliy-i-Dhahabíyyih
17. Kitábú’r-Rúh
18. Suriy-i-Tawhíd
19. Lawḥ-i-Hurúfat
20. Tafsír-i-Nubuwat-i-Khassih
21. Risáliy-i-Furú-i-‘Adlíyyih
22. Khasá’il-i-Sab‘ih
23. Epistles to Muḥammad Sháh and Ḥájí Mírzá Aqásí

N.B. The Báb Himself states in one passage of the Persian Bayán that His writings comprise no less than 500,000 verses.

Works Consulted by the Translator

1. Lord Curzon’s “Persia and the Persian Question” (2 vols.)
   (Longmans, Green and Co., London, 1892)
2. A. L. M. Nicolas’ “Essai sur le Shaykhisme I”
   (Librarie Paul Geuthner, Rue Mazarine, Paris, 1910)
3. A. L. M. Nicolas’ “Essai sur le Shaykhisme II”
   (Librairie Paul Geuthner, Rue Magazine Paris 1914)
4. A. L. M. Nicolas’ “Siyyid ‘Alí-Muḥammad dit le Báb”
   (Libraine Critique, Rue Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, Paris, 1908)
5. Comte de Gobineau’s “Les Religions et les Philosophies dans l’Asie Centrale”
   (Les Editions G. Cres et Cie., Paris, Rue de Sevres, 1928)
6. Lady Sheil’s “Glimpses of Life and Manners in Persia”
   (John Murray, Albemarle Street, London, 1856)
7. “The Taríkh-i-Jadíd,” by Mírzá Ḥusayn of Hamadán, translated from the Persian by E. G. Browne
   (The University Press, Cambridge, 1893)
8. M. Clement Huart’s “La Religion de Báb”
   (Ernat Leroue, Rue Bonaparte, Paris, 1889) 670
9. “A Traveller’s Narrative,” translated from the Persian by E. G. Browne
   (The University Press, Cambridge, 1891)
10. “Le Bayán Persan,” traduit du Persan par A. L. M. Nicolas (4 vols.)
    (Librairie Paul Geuthner, Rue Magazine Paris 1911-14)
11. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1889, articles 6, 12
12. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1892, articles, 7, 9, 13
13. “Le Livre des Sept Preuves,” traduction par A. L. M. Nicolas
    (J. Maisonneuve, Rue de Mezieres, Paris, 1902)
14. E. G. Browne’s “A Year amongst the Persians”
    (Messrs. A. and C. Black, Ltd., London, 1893)
15. E. G. Browne’s “A Literary History of Persia” (4 vols.)
    (The University Press, Cambridge, 1924)
16. Lieutenant-Colonel P. M. Sykes’ “A History of Persia” (2 vols.)
    (Macmillan & Co., London, 1915)
17. Clements R. Markham’s “A General Sketch or the History of Persia”
    (Longmans Green and Co., London, 1874)
18. R. G. Watson’s “History of Persia”
19. Journal Asiatique, 1806, sixieme serie, tomes 7, 8
    (“Bab et les Bábís,” by Mírzá Kázim Big)
20. M. J. Balteau’s “Le Bábisme”
    (Lecture faite par M. J. Balteau, membre titulaire, a la seance du 22 mai, 1896. Academie Nationale de Reims. Imprimerie de l’Academie, Reims, N. Monce, Directeur; 24 Rue Pluche, 1897)
21. Gabriel Sacy’s “Du Regne de Dieu et de l’Agneau connu sous le nom de Bábisme”
    (12 Juin, 1902)
22. J. E. Esslemont’s “Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era”
    (The Bahá’í Publishing Committee, New York, 1927)
23. Muḥammad Muṣṭafá’s “Risaliy-i-Amríyyih”
    (Imprimerie Sa’adih, Cairo, Egypt)
24. E. G. Browne’s “Materials for the Study of the Bábí Religion”
    (The University Press, Cambridge, 1918)
25. Mírzá Abu’l-Faḍl’s manuscripts and notes (unpublished)
26. Mírzá Abu’l-Faḍl’s “The Kashfu’l-Ghitá”
    (Ishqábád, Russia)
27. M. H. Phelps’ “Life and Teachings of Abbás Effendi”
    (G. P. Putnam’s Sons London, 1912)
28. T. K. Cheyne’s “The Reconciliation of Races and Religions”
    (Adam and Charles Black, 1914)
29. Sir Francis Younghusband’s “The Gleam”
    (John Murray, Albemarle Street, London, 1923)
30. Samandar’s manuscript (unpublished)
31. E. G. Browne’s “The Persian Revolution”
    (The University Press, Cambridge, 1910)
32. The Christian Commonwealth, January 22, 1913.
33. G. K. Nariman’s “Persia and Parsis,” Part I
    (The Írán League, Bombay, 1925)
34. Valentine Chirol’s “The Middle Eastern Question”
35. J. Estlin Carpenter’s “Comparative Religion”
36. E. J. W. Gibb Memorial Series, vol. 15
    (Luzac & Co., London, 1910)
37. “The Nasikhu’t-Tavarikh“ (Qajarayyih volume), by Mírzá Taqí Mustawfí, Lisanu’l-Mulk, known as Sipihr
    (Lithograph edition, Ṭihrán)
38. Ḥájí Mu’inu’s-Saltanih’s “History” (manuscript)
39. Mírzá Abu’l-Faḍl’s “Kitábu’-Fará’íd” (Cairo edition)

Works of Bahá’u’lláh:

“Kitáb-i-Íqán” (Cairo edition, 1900)

“Epistle to the Son of the Wolf” (Cairo edition, 1920) 671

“Ishráqát” (manuscript)

“Tablets to the Kings” (manuscript)

Works of the Báb:

“Sahifatu’l-Haramayn” (manuscript)

“Qayyúmu’l-Asmá” [(manuscript)]

“Persian Bayán” [(manuscript)]

“Arabic Bayán” [(manuscript)]

“Dalá’il-i-Sab‘ih” [(manuscript)]

Works of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá:

“Some Answered Questions” (Bahá’í Publishing Society, Chicago, 1918)

“Memorials of the Faithful” (Haifa edition, 1924)

N.B. For a general and fuller bibliography, refer to:

1. Bahá’í World, vol. iii, part 3
2. A. L. M. Nicolas’ “Siyyid ‘Alí-Muḥammad dit le Báb,” pp. 22–53
3. E. G. Browne’s “Materials for the Study of the Bábí Religion,” pp. 175–243
4. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1892, pp. 433–99, 637–710
5. “A Traveller’s Narrative,” pp. 173–211

Administrative Divisions of Persia in the Nineteenth Century

“There is no fixed principle or permanence in the administrative subdivisions of Persia. Their separation or combination is regulated by the ability or reputation of their governors, and by the scope that may be conceded thereto by the confidence or the fears of the sovereign…. It should further be remarked that no principle, geographical, ethnographical, or political, appears to be adopted in determining the borders and sizes of the various divisions, which vary in extent from a province larger than the whole of England, to a small and decayed town with its immediate surroundings.”

Larger Provinces or Districts

Administrative Division	Capital
Ádhirbayján	Tabríz
Khurásán and Sistan	Mashhad
Ṭihrán and Dependencies	Ṭihrán
Fárs	Shíráz
Iṣfahán and Dependencies	Iṣfahán
Kirmán and Persian Balúchistán	Kirmán
Arabistán	Shúshtar
Gílán and Talísh	Rasht
Mázindarán	Ámul
Yazd and Dependencies	Yazd
Persian Gulf Littoral and Islands	Búshihr

British and Russian Envoys to the Court of Persia, 1814–1855

1814 November................Mr. Morier and Mr. Ellis.

1815 July.........................Sir Henry Willock.

1826 September...............Sir John Macdonald.

1830 June........................Sir John Campbell.

1835 November................Sir Henry Ellis.

1836 August....................Sir John McNeill.

1842 August....................Sir Justin Sheil.

1847 October...................Colonel Farrant (acting).

1849 November................Sir Justin Sheil (returned from leave).

1853 February..................Mr. Taylor Thomson (acting).

1855 April........................Hon. A. C. Murray.672

1817 August....................General Yermoloff.

1819 April........................M. Mazarowitch.

1823 January...................M. Ambourger (acting).

1824 July.........................M. Mazarowitch (returned from leave).

1825 September...............M. Amboureer.

1826 July.........................Prince Menschikoff.

1828...............................M. Grebayadoff.

1831...............................Prince Dolgorouki.

1833 February..................Count Simonich.

1839...............................Count Meden.

1846 January....................Prince Dologorouki.

1854 September................M. Anitchkoff.

(From Clements R. Markham, C.B., F.R.S., “A General Sketch of the History of Persia,” Appendix B. Longmans, Green and Co., London, 1874.)

List of Months of the Muhammadan Calendar

Muharram	30	days
Safar	29	“
Rabí’u’l-Avval	30	“
Rabí’u’th-Thání	29	“
Jamádiyu’-Avval	30	“
Jamádiy’th-Thání	29	“
Rajab	30	“
Sha’bán	29	“
Ramadán	30	“
Shavval	29	“
Dhi’l-Qádih	30	“
Dhi’l-Hijjih	29–30	“

Muharram 1,	1	A.H.	................	July	16,	622	A.D.	Friday.
Muharram 1,	1260	“	................	January	22,	1844	“	Monday.
Muharram 1,	1261	“	................	January	10,	1845	“	Friday.
Muharram 1,	1262	“	................	December	30,	1845	“	Tuesday.
Muharram 1,	1263	“	................	December	20,	1846	“	Sunday.
Muharram 1,	1264	“	................	December	9,	1847	“	Thursday.
Muharram 1,	1265	“	................	November	27,	1848	“	Monday.
Muharram 1,	1266	“	................	November	17,	1849	“	Saturday.
Muharram 1,	1267	“	................	November	6,	1850	“	Wednesday.
Muharram 1,	1268	“	................	October	27,	1851	“	Monday.
Muharram 1,	1269	“	................	October	15,	1852	“	Friday.
Muharram 1,	1270	“	................	October	4,	1853	“	Tuesday.

(From “Wüstenfeld-Mahler’sche Vegleichungs-Tabellen,” Leipzig, 1926.) 673

Guide to the Pronunciation of the Proper Names Transliterated in the Narrative

ا …..á ب …..b پ …..p ت …..t ث …..th ج …..j چ …..ch ح …..ḥ

خ …..kh د …..d ذ …..dh ر …..r ز …..z ژ …..zh س …..s ش …..sh

ص …..ṣ ض …..ḍ ط …..ṭ ظ …..ẓ ع …..‘ غ …..gh ف …..f ق …..q

ك …..k گ …..g ل …..l م …..m ن …..n و …..v ه …..h ي …..y ء …..

th	pronounced as	s
dh	pronounced as	z
zh	pronounced as	j (French)
ṣ	pronounced as	s
ḍ	pronounced as	z
ṭ	pronounced as	t
ẓ	pronounced as	z

a	as		in	account
á	as		in	arm
i	as	e	in	best
í	as	ee	in	meet
u	as	o	in	short
ú	as	oo	in	moon
aw	as		in	mown

The “í” added to the name of a town signifies “belonging to”; thus Shírází means native of Shíráz.

N.B. The spelling of the Oriental words and proper names used in this book is according to the system of transliteration established at one of the International Oriental Congresses.